船舶和海洋技术.海洋环境保护.港口废物接收设施的布置和管理

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了一种解决船舶产生的废物和货物残留物从船上卸载到如何在岸上管理的方法。 港口接收设施（PRF）的提供、运营和使用有着内在的联系，因此本文件讨论了PRF的设计及其运营和管理。 本文件旨在供拥有现有 PRF 的港口和码头使用，旨在完善其系统；它还可以被正在开发 PRF 的新港口和码头使用。 《防污公约》缔约方作为港口国有义务确保其港口和码头提供足以满足使用这些设施的船舶的需求且不会造成不当延误的港口接收设施（PRF）。 《防污公约》并不寻求对超出接收设施要求的港口和码头船舶产生的废物和货物残留物的管理进行监管。 然而，港口和码头可能需要考虑国家、地区和地方法规。 虽然这些法规可能超出《防污公约》的范围，但国际海事组织认识到需要管理港口和码头的船舶产生的废物和货物残留物，作为避免、最小化和消除船舶污染的无害环境管理方法的一部分。 考虑到上述情况，本文件适用于《防污公约》规定的在港口和码头排放的船舶产生的废物和货物残留物的管理。 它还涵盖了在制定 PWMP、其实施和 PRF 操作时应考虑的原则和问题。 任何 PRF 的运作均受 PWMP 中包含的原则和程序管辖。 PRF 的操作程序和 PWMP 的开发密切相关，因此被纳入本文件中。 本文件阐述了在以下方面应考虑的原则和问题： ——制定港口废物管理战略； ——PRF的设计和运行； ——PWMP 的制定、实施和合规性； - PRF 管理和问责制。 本文件旨在供任何规模的港口和码头使用。 它没有给出每个港口 PRF 的规模或位置的具体信息，但提供了要考虑并适用于任何规模类型的港口或码头（例如码头、渔港、集装箱码头、石油码头、滚装/滚装码头、邮轮码头、渡轮码头、散货或普通货物码头、船舶修理或回收设施以及近海码头）。 内陆港口和码头以及已加入提供 PRF 的区域安排的港口也可以使用此文件。 [外文原描述]： This document provides a method for addressing ship generated waste and cargo residues from when they are offloaded from the ship, to how they are managed ashore. The provision, operation and use of port reception facilities (PRFs) are inherently linked, so this document addresses the design of PRFs, and their operation and management. This document is designed to be used by ports and terminals with existing PRFs which aim to refine their systems; it can also be used by new ports and terminals that are developing PRFs. Parties to MARPOL are obligated as Port States to ensure that port reception facilities (PRFs) adequate to meet the needs of the ships using them without causing undue delay are provided at their ports and terminals. MARPOL does not seek to regulate the management of ship generated waste and cargo residues at ports and terminals beyond the reception facility requirement. However, ports and terminals may need to consider national, regional and local regulations. While these regulations can exceed the scope of MARPOL, the IMO recognises the need to manage ship generated waste and cargo residues at ports and terminals as part of an environmentally sound management approach for avoiding, minimising, and eliminating pollution from ships. In consideration of above, this document applies to the management of ship generated waste and cargo residues regulated by MARPOL that are discharged at ports and terminals. It also covers principles and issues that should be considered in the development of a PWMP, its implementation and PRF operations. The operation of any PRF is governed by the principles and procedures included in the PWMP. The procedures to operate the PRF and the development of a PWMP are closely linked and therefore are integrated into this document. This document addresses the principles and issues that should be considered in: — The development of a port waste management strategy; — The design and operation of PRF; — PWMP development, implementation and compliance; and — PRF management and accountability. This document has been designed to be used by ports and terminals of any size. It does not give specifics on the size or location of a PRF in each port, but provides a list of principles to be considered and applied to any size of type of port or terminal (e.g. marina, fishing port, container terminal, oil terminal, roll on/roll off terminal, cruise terminal, ferry terminal, bulk or general cargo terminal, ship repair or recycling facility, and offshore terminal). Inland ports and marinas and those ports that have entered regional arrangements for the provision of a PRF can also use this document.