混凝土结构的维护和修理

[中文适用范围]： 本文件定义了钢筋和非钢筋混凝土结构的修复补救措施和管理策略规范的基本考虑和决策。本文件仅涵盖大气暴露结构以及掩埋或淹没结构（如果可以进入）。本文件指定了修复设计原则以及缺陷和持续损坏的策略，包括但不限于：a）机械作用，例如冲击、超载、沉降引起的移动、爆炸、振动和地震作用；b）环境的化学和生物作用，例如硫酸盐侵蚀、碱骨料反应；c) 物理作用，例如冻融、热裂、水分移动、盐结晶、火灾和侵蚀；d) 钢筋腐蚀；e) 自施工时起未解决的原始施工缺陷。维护和修复的执行在 ISO 16311-4 中涵盖。 [外文原描述]： This document defines basic considerations and decision-making for the specification of repair remedies, and management strategies for reinforced and unreinforced concrete structures. This document covers only atmospherically exposed structures, and buried or submerged structures, if they can be accessed. This document specifies repair design principles, and strategies for defects and on-going deterioration including, but not limited to: a) mechanical actions, e.g. impact, overloading, movement caused by settlement, blast, vibration and seismic actions; b) chemical and biological actions from environments, e.g. sulfate attack, alkali-aggregate reaction; c) physical actions, e.g. freeze–thaw, thermal cracking, moisture movement, salt crystallization, fire, and erosion; d) reinforcement corrosion; e) original construction defects that remained unaddressed from the time of construction. The execution of maintenance and repairs is covered in ISO 16311-4.