移动式升降工作平台 设计、计算、安全要求和试验方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了用于在高处工作位置移动人员及其必要工具和材料的所有类型和尺寸的移动式升降工作平台 (MEWP) 的安全要求和保护/风险降低措施及其验证方法。本文件还适用于为需要特殊进入特定工作区域的应用而设计的 MEWP。这些 MEWP 可以是自推进的，也可以是手动推进的，用于将人员提升到可以定期放置、安装或取回物体或材料的高度。为了方便操作员进入工作区域，可能需要缩回 MEWP 工作平台护栏系统的一部分。本文件旨在为 MEWP 制造商和再制造商提供指南，以实现以下目标： — 消除或减少事故和人身伤害； — 制定设计、制造、再制造、改造/修复、测试和性能的标准； — 制造商和再制造商确立并理解其责任。本文件的设计和制造要求适用于在生效日期或之后制造或再制造的所有 MEWP，但不适用于重建或翻新的 MEWP。它识别了使用 MEWP 产生的危险，并描述了消除或减少这些危险的方法。本文件不适用于：a) 永久安装的、服务于规定楼层的人员升降设备，b) 消防和消防救援设备（例如，见 EN 1777），c) 悬挂在升降设备上的无导向工作笼（例如，见 EN 1808），d) 轨道式存储和检索设备上的提升操作员位置（例如，见 EN 528），e) 尾部升降机（例如，见 EN 1756-1:2001+A1:2008、EN 1756-2:2004+A1:2009），f) 桅杆式爬升工作平台（见 ISO 16369），g) 游乐场设备，h) 提升高度小于 2 m 的升降台（例如，见 EN 1570-1:2011+A1:2014），i) 用于人员和材料的施工升降机，j) 飞机地面支持设备（例如， EN-1915-1:2013、EN-1915-2:2001+A1:2009），k) 挖掘机井架，l) 工业车辆上的升降操作员位置（见 ISO 3691-3 示例），m) 起重机上的升降操作员位置，n) 用于在电气装置带电作业中使用的底盘上绝缘高空作业设备的某些要求（见注释 1），o) 多用途升降平台电动工业车辆（MPEP），由单个站立式驾驶操作员控制，用于在高处手动拾取和运输小件物品，p) 用于拾取和放置存货或库存的电动工业车辆。注 1：有关在带电电气装置附近使用的要求，参见 ISO 16653-2。有关带电电气装置的使用要求，请参阅 IEC 61057。它不涵盖以下情况引起的危险： — 在潜在爆炸性环境中使用， — 使用压缩气体作为承重部件， — 轨道式移动式升降工作平台脱轨和失控， — 在带电电气系统上工作（见注释 2 和注释 3）。注释 2 IEC 61057 中介绍了在带电电气系统上工作引起的危险。注释 3 对于使用高空设备进行带电作业的移动式升降工作平台，本文件应与 IEC 61057 结合使用，同时考虑到 IEC 61057 中规定的本文件的潜在例外情况。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies safety requirements and protective/risk reduction measures, and the means for their verification, for all types and sizes of mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) intended for moving a person(s) along with their necessary tools and materials at an elevated work location. This document also applies to MEWPs designed for applications requiring special access to specific work areas. These MEWPs can be either self-propelled or manually propelled and are used to elevate personnel to a level at which they can place, install, or retrieve objects or material on a routine basis. To facilitate operator access to the work area, the retraction of a portion of the MEWP's work platform guardrail system(s) can be necessary. This document is intended to serve as a guide for manufacturers and remanufacturers of MEWPs to achieve the following objectives: — elimination or reduction of accidents and personal injuries; — establishment of criteria for design, manufacture, remanufacture, rebuild/recondition, testing and performance; — establishment and understanding by manufacturers and remanufacturers of their responsibilities. The design and manufacturing requirements of this document apply to all MEWPs manufactured or remanufactured on or after the effective date, but it is not applicable to rebuilt or reconditioned MEWPs. It identifies the hazards arising from the use of MEWPs and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards. This document is not applicable to a) permanently installed personnel-lifting appliances serving defined levels, b) firefighting and fire rescue appliances (see for example, EN 1777), c) unguided work cages suspended from lifting appliances (see for example, EN 1808), d) elevating operator position on rail-dependent storage and retrieval equipment (see for example, EN 528), e) tail lifts (see for example, EN 1756-1:2001+A1:2008, EN 1756-2:2004+A1:2009), f) mast-climbing work platforms (see ISO 16369), g) fairground equipment, h) lifting tables with a lifting height of less than 2 m (see for example, EN 1570-1:2011+A1:2014), i) builder's hoists for persons and materials, j) aircraft ground-support equipment (see for example, EN-1915-1:2013, EN-1915-2:2001+A1:2009), k) digger derricks, l) elevating operator positions on industrial trucks (see for example, ISO 3691-3), m) elevating operator positions on cranes, n) certain requirements for insulating aerial devices on a chassis for use in live work on electrical installations (see Note 1), o) multi-purpose elevating platform powered industrial trucks (MPEPs) controlled by a single stand-up riding operator and intended to be used for manually picking and transporting small items at height, p) powered industrial trucks used to pick and place stock or inventory. NOTE 1 For requirements for use near live electrical installations, see ISO 16653-2. For requirements for use on live electrical installations, see IEC 61057. It does not cover hazards arising from: — use in potentially explosive atmospheres, — use of compressed gases for load-bearing components, — derailment and runaway of rail-mounted MEWPs, — work on live electrical systems (see Note 2 and Note 3). NOTE 2 Hazards arising from work on live electrical systems are addressed in IEC 61057. NOTE 3 For MEWPs that employ aerial devices used for live working, this document is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61057, taking into consideration the potential exceptions from this document that are specified in IEC 61057.