辐射防护.医用电子加速器.屏蔽设计和评估的要求和建议

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准适用于医疗电子直线加速器，即束流的额定能量为4 MV至30 MV的范围内的直线加速器，包括特殊安装配置，如机器人臂、螺旋强度中模放射治疗设备和专门用于术中放射治疗（IORT）的电子设备。所用的回旋加速器和同步加速器用于碳离子束放射治疗的不在本标准考虑范围内。本国际标准中给出的辐射防护要求和建议涉及法规、屏蔽设计目标和其他设计准则、制造商的辐射防护主管或合格专家的作用以及各方的相互作用、直线加速器周围的辐射、常规和特殊装置的屏蔽（包括屏蔽材料和传输值、各种治疗室配置下的计算、管道对辐射防护的影响）和放射学监测（测量）。注释1、注释2、注释3。附录A提供了最常见屏蔽材料的传输值。附录B为屏蔽计算提供支持数据。附录C提供了常规装置和标准迷宫的示例计算。 [外文原描述]： ISO 16645:2016 is applicable to medical electron linear accelerators i.e. linear accelerators with nominal energies of the beam ranging from 4 MV to 30 MV, including particular installations such as robotic arm, helical intensity modulated radiotherapy devices and dedicated devices for intra operative radiotherapy (IORT) with electrons. The cyclotrons and the synchrotrons used for hadrontherapy are not considered. The radiation protection requirements and recommendations given in ISO 16645:2016 cover the aspects relating to regulations, shielding design goals and other design criteria, role of the manufacturers, of the radiation protection officer or qualified expert and interactions between stakeholders, radiations around a linear accelerator, shielding for conventional and special devices (including shielding materials and transmission values, calculations for various treatment room configurations, duct impact on radiation protection) and the radiological monitoring (measurements).