核燃料技术.微观结构检查用烧结的二氧化铀丸状材料的陶瓷相准备指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件描述了用于定性和定量微观结构检查的二氧化铀 (UO2) 烧结球团的陶瓷制备。 这些检查可以在热蚀刻或化学蚀刻之前和之后进行。 它们能够 - 观察裂缝、粒间或粒内孔隙和夹杂物，以及 - 测量孔隙和晶粒尺寸以及测量孔隙和晶粒尺寸分布。 平均晶粒尺寸的测量可以使用 ISO 2624 或 ASTM E112[3] 中描述的经典计数方法进行，即截距程序、与标准网格或参考照片进行比较。 孔径分布的测量通常通过自动图像分析仪进行。 如果还使用图像分析仪测量晶粒尺寸分布，建议使用热蚀刻来均匀地揭示整个样品的晶粒结构。 [外文原描述]： This document describes the ceramographic preparation of uranium dioxide (UO2) sintered pellets for qualitative and quantitative microstructure examinations. These examinations can be carried out before and after thermal or chemical etching. They enable — observations of fissures, inter- or intra-granular pores and inclusions, and — measurement of pore and grain size and measurement of pore and grain size distributions. The measurement of average grain size can be carried out using a classical counting method as described in ISO 2624 or ASTM E112[3], i.e. intercept procedure, comparison with standard grids or reference photographs. The measurement of pore-size distributions is usually carried out by an automatic image analyser. If the grain-size distributions are also measured with an image analyser, it is recommended that thermal etching be used to reveal the grain structure uniformly throughout the whole sample.