水质电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）的应用第2部分:包括铀同位素在内的选定元素的测定

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了铝、锑、砷、钡、铍、铋、硼、镉、铯、钙、铈、铬、钴、铜、镝、铒、钆、镓、锗、金、铪、钬、铟、铱、铁、镧、铅、锂、镥、镁、锰、汞、钼、钕、镍、钯、磷、铂、钾、镨、铷、铼、铑、钌、钐、钪、硒、银、钠、锶、铽、碲、钍、铊、铥、锡、钛、钨、铀和水中（如饮用水、地表水、地下水、废水和洗脱液）的同位素、钒、钇、镱、锌和锆。考虑到特定的和额外发生的干扰，可以在水、水和污泥消化物（例如 ISO 15587-1 中描述的水消化物）中测定这些元素。工作范围取决于基质和遇到的干扰。在饮用水和相对未受污染的水中，大多数元素的定量限 (LOQ) 介于 0.002 µg/l 和 1.0 µg/l 之间（见表 1）。工作范围通常涵盖几 ng/l 到 mg/l 之间的浓度，具体取决于元素和指定的要求。大多数元素的定量限受空白污染的影响，主要取决于实验室空气处理设施、试剂的纯度和玻璃器皿的清洁度。在测定受到干扰（见条款 5）或记忆效应（见 ISO 17294-1）的情况下，定量下限较高。除范围内提及的元素之外的其他元素也可以根据本文件进行测定，前提是该文件的用户能够验证方法适当（例如干扰、灵敏度、重复性、回收率）。 1 表 1 — 未受污染水体的定量下限 元素 常用同位素 LOQ a 元素 常用同位素 LOQ a 元素 常用同位素 LOQ a µg/l µg/l µg/l Ag 107Ag 0,5 Hf 178Hf 0,1 Ru 102Ru 0,1 109Ag 0,5 Hg 202Hg 0,05 Sb 121Sb 0,2 201Hg 0,1 Al 27Al 1 Ho 165Ho 0,1 123Sb 0,2 As 75Asc 0,1 In 115In 0,1 Sc 45Sc 5 Au 197Au 0,5 Ir 193Ir 0,1 Se 77Sec 1 B 10B 1 K 39KC 5 78Sec 0,1 11B 1 镧 139La 0,1 82Se 1 钡 137Ba 3 锂 6Li 10 钐 147钐 0,1 138Ba 0,5 7Li 1 锡 118Sn 1 铍 9Be 0,1 铊 175Lu 0,1 120Sn 1 铋 209Bi 0,5 镁 24Mg 1 锶 86Sr 0,5 钙 43Ca 100 25Mg 10 88Sr 0,3 44Ca 50 锰 55Mn 0,1 铽 159Tb 0,1 40Ca 10 钼 95Mo 0,5 碲 126Te 2 镉 111Cd 0,1 98Mo 0,3 钍 232Th 0,1 114Cd 0,5 Na 23Na 10 Tl 203Tl 0,2 Ce 140Ce 0,1 Nd 146Nd 0,1 205Tl 0,1 Ti 47Ti 10 48Ti 1 49Ti 10 Co 59Co 0,2 Ni 58Nic 0,1 Tm 169Tm 0,1 Cr 52Crc 0,1 60Nic 0,1 U 238U 0,1 53Cr 5 P 31P 5 235U 1,10−4 Cs 133Cs 0,1 Pb 206Pbb 0,2 234U 1,10−5 Cu 63Cu 0,1 207Pbb 0,2 V 51Vc 0,1 65Cu 0,1 208Pbb 0,1 W 182W 0,3 Dy 163Dy 0,1 Pd 108Pd 0,5 184W 0,3 Er 166Er 0,1 Pr 141Pr 0,1 Y 89Y 0,1 Fe 56Fec 5 Pt 195Pt 0,5 Yb 172Yb 0,2 Ga 69Ga 0,3 Rb 85Rb 0,1 174Yb 0,2 71Ga 0,3 Re 185Re 0,1 Zn 64Zn 1 Gd 157Gd 0,1 187Re 0,1 66Zn 1 158Gd 0,1 Rh 103Rh 0,1 68Zn 1 Ge 74Ge 0,3 Ru 101Ru 0,2 Zr 90Zr 0,2 a 根据仪器不同，可实现明显更低的限值。 b 铅 (Pb) 报告为 206Pb、207Pb 和 208Pb 信号强度的总和。 c 这些限值是通过使用碰撞/反应室实现的。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a method for the determination of the elements aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, caesium, calcium, cerium, chromium, cobalt, copper, dysprosium, erbium, gadolinium, gallium, germanium, gold, hafnium, holmium, indium, iridium, iron, lanthanum, lead, lithium, lutetium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel, palladium, phosphorus, platinum, potassium, praseodymium, rubidium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, samarium, scandium, selenium, silver, sodium, strontium, terbium, tellurium, thorium, thallium, thulium, tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium and its isotopes, vanadium, yttrium, ytterbium, zinc and zirconium in water (e.g. drinking water, surface water, ground water, waste water and eluates). Taking into account the specific and additionally occurring interferences, these elements can be determined in water and digests of water and sludge (e.g. digests of water as described in ISO 15587 - 1 or ISO 15587 - 2 ). The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered. In drinking water and relatively unpolluted waters, the limit of quantification ( L OQ ) lies between 0,002 µg/l and 1,0 µg/l for most elements (see Table 1 ). The working range typically covers concentrations between several ng/l and mg/l depending on the element and specified requirements. The quantification limits of most elements are affected by blank contamination and depend predominantly on the laboratory air-handling facilities available on the purity of reagents and the cleanliness of glassware. The lower limit of quantification is higher in cases where the determination suffers from interferences (see Clause 5 ) or memory effects (see ISO 17294 - 1 ). Elements other than those mentioned in the scope can also be determined according to this document provided that the user of the document is able to validate the method appropriately (e.g. interferences, sensitivity, repeatability, recovery).