包装 危险品运输包装 聚乙烯、氟化聚乙烯和共挤塑料的相容性测试

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了用于运输液体危险货物的包装/中型散装容器（IBC）的化学相容性测试方法。这些包装/IBC由聚乙烯（PE）、氟化聚乙烯和共挤出塑料制成。本文件涵盖针对以下劣化过程的足够塑料相容性的测定： 因吸收（溶胀）导致的软化； 应力开裂； 两者的组合。 本文件适用于： 塑料制成的桶和方形桶； 内胆由塑料制成的复合包装（塑料）； 刚性塑料IBC（类型31H1和31H2）； 带有刚性塑料内胆的复合IBC（类型31HZ1）； 用于运输液体危险货物。 使用本文件规定的测试程序获得的足够塑料相容性证明，仅适用于以下材料和材料规格的上述包装和IBC类型： 由PE制成的包装和IBC；内部表面氟化的PE制成的包装和IBC；以及共挤出吹塑成型、具有以下多层结构壁（从内到外）的包装和IBC：聚酰胺（PA）、粘合剂、PE，或乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物（EVOH）、粘合剂、PE。 注：由PE制成的包装和IBC以及内部表面氟化的PE制成的包装和IBC，会因与相应包装物质的分子降解反应而额外劣化。对于此，化学相容性也可以通过ISO 13274:2013附录B B.2.3中描述的类型测试进行验证，使用标准液体硝酸（55%）或适当的原始包装物质。由Coex PE/PA和Coex PE/EVOH制成的包装不耐受极性酸分子降解物质如硝酸，因此本文件未考虑针对此劣化过程的相应方法。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies test methods for the determination of the chemical compatibility of packaging/ IBC made from polyethylene (PE), fluorinated polyethylene and co-extruded plastics. It covers the determination of adequate plastics compatibility against the following processes of deterioration: — softening due to absorption (swelling); — stress cracking; — combinations thereof. This document is applicable to: — drums and jerricans made from plastics; — composite packaging (plastics) with inner receptacle made from plastics; — rigid plastics IBCs (types 31H1 and 31H2); — composite IBCs with rigid plastics inner receptacles (type 31HZ1); used for the transport of liquid dangerous goods. Proof of adequate plastics compatibility obtained using the test procedures specified in this document is only applicable to the above packaging and IBC types of the following materials and material specifications: — packaging and IBCs made from PE; — packaging and IBCs made from PE, whose internal surfaces are fluorinated; and — packaging and IBCs which are coextrusion blow moulded and have walls with the following multilayer structure (from inside to outside): — polyamide (PA), bonding agents, PE, or — ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), bonding agents, PE. Note Packaging and IBCs made from PE and packaging and IBCs made from PE with fluorinated internal surfaces, deteriorate additionally due to molecular degradation reactions with the corresponding packaged substances. For this, the chemical compatibility can also be verified by the type tests described in ISO 13274:2013, Annex B, B.2.3, using the standard liquid nitric acid (55 %) or appropriate original packaged substances. Packaging made from Coex PE/PA and Coex PE/EVOH is not resistant to polar acid molecularly degrading substances such as nitric acid, with the result that a corresponding method is not considered for this process of deterioration in this document.