岩土工程勘察和测试. 土壤的实验室试验. 第2部分: 容积密度的测定

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准规定了三种测定土壤容重的方法，包括：a) 线性测量法；b) 浸入液体法；c) 流体置换法。本国际标准适用于岩土工程勘察范围内土壤容重的实验室测定。线性测量法适用于测定规则形状土壤样本的容重，包括为其他试验准备的样本。所用样本为矩形棱柱或具有圆形横截面的圆柱体。浸入液体法包括通过测量土壤样本在空气中的质量和悬浮在液体中的表观质量来确定天然或压实土壤样本的容重。当可以获得适当大小的材料块时，可以使用该方法。流体置换法包括通过测量土壤样本在空气中的质量和浸入液体时置换的液体质量来确定土壤样本的容重。当可以获得适当大小的材料块时，可以使用该方法。如果采用浸入液体法或液体置换法，且液体可能渗透到试样中（如水），则应在试验前对试样进行涂层以防止液体渗透。土的体积密度对于确定原位土体过剩应力与深度的关系很有用。如果需要，试样的干密度可由体积密度和已知的水含量计算得出。注：本国际标准满足根据 EN 1997-1 和 EN 1997-2 进行岩土工程调查和试验时对土体体积密度测定的要求。 [外文原描述]： ISO 17892-2:2014 specifies three methods for the determination of the bulk density of soils, comprising: a) linear measurement method; b) immersion in fluid method; c) fluid displacement method. ISO 17892-2:2014 is applicable to the laboratory determination of the bulk density of soil within the scope of geotechnical investigations. The linear measurement method is suitable for the determination of the bulk density of a specimen of soil of regular shape, including specimens prepared for other tests. The specimens used are either rectangular prisms or cylinders with circular cross sections. The immersion in fluid method covers the determination of the bulk density of a specimen of natural or compacted soil by measuring its mass in air and its apparent mass when suspended in fluid. The method may be used when lumps of material of suitable size can be obtained. The fluid displacement method covers the determination of the bulk density of a specimen of soil by measuring its mass in air and the mass of fluid displaced by immersion. The method may be used when lumps of material of suitable size can be obtained. If the immersion in fluid method or fluid displacement method is used, and if the fluid is likely to penetrate into the specimen (eg water) the specimen should be coated before testing to prevent fluid penetration. The bulk density of a soil is useful in the determination of the in situ overburden stress as a function of depth. If required, the dry density of a specimen may be calculated from the bulk density and the water content, if known.