塑料 夏比冲击性能的测定 第2部分：仪表冲击试验 修订 1：精度数据

[中文适用范围]： 1.1 本文件规定了通过力-位移曲线测定塑料的夏比冲击性能的方法。不同类型的杆状试样和试验配置、以及根据材料类型、试样类型和缺口类型定义的不同测试参数在 ISO 179-1 中给出。 1.2 ISO 179-1 适用于仅通过冲击强度表征冲击行为并使用其势能与待测断裂能量相匹配的装置（参见 ISO 13802:2015，附录 E）。本文件用于记录力-位移或力-时间曲线以对冲击行为进行详细表征，并开发自动装置，即避免能量匹配。文中描述的方法还可用于：—获得不同材料特性信息；—监督夏比试验程序，因为该设备允许检测典型操作错误，例如试样与支撑件之间未正确接触；—自动检测断裂类型；—使用摆锤式仪器以减少配重的频繁更换；—测量其他 ISO 标准中描述的断裂力学性能。 [外文原描述]： 1.1 This document specifies a method for determining Charpy impact properties of plastics from force-deflection diagrams. Different types of rod-shaped test specimens and test configurations, as well as test parameters depending on the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch, are defined in ISO 179-1. Dynamic effects such as load-cell/striker resonance, test specimen resonance and initial-contact/inertia peaks are described in this document (see Figure 1, Curve b, and Annex A). 1.2 ISO 179-1 is suitable for characterizing the impact behaviour by the impact strength only and for using apparatus whose potential energy is matched approximately to the particular energy to break to be measured (see ISO 13802:2015, Annex E). This document is used to record a force-deflection or force-time diagram for detailed characterization of the impact behaviour, and for developing automatic apparatus, i.e. avoiding the need to match energy. The method described in this document is also suitable for: — acquiring more and different materials characteristics under impact conditions; — supervising the Charpy test procedure, as this instrumentation allows detection of typical operational mistakes, such as the specimen not being in close contact with the supports; — automatically detecting the type of break; — pendulum type instruments to avoid frequent changes of pendulum hammers; — measuring fracture mechanical properties described in other ISO standards. 1.3 For the range of materials which can be tested by this method, see ISO 179-1:2010, Clause 1. 1.4 For the general comparability of test results, see ISO 179-1:2010, Clause 1. 1.5 Information on the typical behaviour of materials can be obtained by testing at different temperatures, by varying the notch radius and/or specimen thickness and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions. It is not the purpose of this document to give an interpretation of the mechanism occurring at every point on the force-deflection diagram. These interpretations are a task for on-going scientific research. 1.6 The test results obtained with this method are comparable only if the conditions of test specimen preparation, as well as the test conditions, are the same. The impact behaviour of finished products cannot, therefore, be predicted directly from this test.