道路车辆 面向服务车辆诊断（SOVD） 第3部分：应用程序接口（API）

[中文适用范围]： 本文件定义了一个应用程序编程接口（API），该接口标准化了用于诊断高性能计算机（HPC）和传统电子控制单元（ECU）的方法、检索诊断功能以及在扩展车辆中服务导向车辆诊断（SOVD）方法的发现。SOVD API 提供了对传统 ECU 和 HPC 的统一访问。SOVD API 提供的功能包括：访问故障（包括读取故障条目、读取环境数据和删除故障条目）；所有实体的测量和识别；在特定模式或状态下执行例程、输入/输出（I/O）控制和软件功能；车辆配置（例如设备、国家、客户需求、变体编码）；封装扩展车辆（ExVe）制造商特定的软件更新策略（包括空中固件升级（FOTA），如果可用）；访问 HPC 的日志信息。通过这些功能，SOVD 可以涵盖车辆生命周期的所有领域，包括工程（开发）、制造（生产）、售后（维护和维修）、法律和技术检查以及车辆运行（使用）。本文件未涵盖几个方面，因为它们特定于 SOVD 服务器的实现，例如：防止和快速响应攻击向量（如拒绝服务、零日漏洞利用）；安全事件的识别；基于数据监控维持操作安全；安全事件的管理；数据隐私问题；并发请求的负载均衡。 [外文原描述]： This document defines an application programming interface (API) which standardizes the methods for diagnosing HPCs and legacy ECUs, the retrieval of the diagnostic capabilities, and the discovery of the service-oriented vehicle diagnostics (SOVD) methods in an extended vehicle. The SOVD API provides a unified access to classic ECUs and HPCs. The SOVD API provides functions such as: access to the faults, including reading the fault entries, reading environment data, and deleting fault entries; measurements and identifications of all entities; execution of routines, input/output (I/O) controls and software functions in certain modes or states; configuration of a vehicle (e.g. equipment, country, customer demand, variant coding); encapsulation of the ExVe manufacturer specific software update strategy (including firmware over the air (FOTA) if available); access to logging information of an HPC. With these features, SOVD can cover all areas of the vehicle life cycle, including engineering (development), manufacturing (production), after sales (maintenance and repair), legal and technical inspections and vehicle operation (use). There are several aspects which are not covered by this document, as they are specific to the implementation of an SOVD server, for example: prevention and quick reaction to attack vectors like denial of service, zero-day exploits of vulnerabilities; recognition of security incidents; maintaining the operational safety based on data monitoring; management of security incidents; data privacy issues; load balancing of concurrent requests.