固体生物燃料. 热值的测定

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在通过燃烧经认证的苯甲酸进行校准的弹式热量计中，在参考温度 25°C 下，测定固体生物燃料的总热值的方法。 所得结果是燃烧产物中的水全部为液态水时分析样品在定体积下的总热值。 在实践中，生物燃料在恒定（大气压）压力下燃烧，水要么不冷凝（作为蒸汽与烟道气一起去除），要么冷凝。 在这两种情况下，要使用的有效燃烧热是恒压下燃料的净热值。 也可采用定容净热值；给出了计算这两个值的公式。 校准和生物燃料实验的一般原则和程序在正文中介绍，而与特定类型量热仪器的使用相关的原则和程序在附件 A 至 C 中描述。 附件 D 包含使用以下方法进行校准和燃料实验的清单：指定类型的热量计。 附录 E 给出了一些示例来说明一些计算。 [外文原描述]： ISO 18125:2017 specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of a solid biofuel at constant volume and at the reference temperature 25 °C in a bomb calorimeter calibrated by combustion of certified benzoic acid. The result obtained is the gross calorific value of the analysis sample at constant volume with all the water of the combustion products as liquid water. In practice, biofuels are burned at constant (atmospheric) pressure and the water is either not condensed (removed as vapour with the flue gases) or condensed. Under both conditions, the operative heat of combustion to be used is the net calorific value of the fuel at constant pressure. The net calorific value at constant volume may also be used; formulae are given for calculating both values. General principles and procedures for the calibrations and the biofuel experiments are presented in the main text, whereas those pertaining to the use of a particular type of calorimetric instrument are described in Annexes A to C. Annex D contains checklists for performing calibration and fuel experiments using specified types of calorimeters. Annex E gives examples to illustrate some of the calculations.