机械振动和冲击.测量从机械传向联接支撑结构的振动力.第2部分:间接法

[中文适用范围]： ISO 18312 的这一部分规定了一种评估机器或管道（以下简称机器）向支撑结构发出的振动功率的方法，机器通过隔振器连接到支撑结构。 ISO 18312的这一部分还规定了评估每个关节处笛卡尔坐标系的六个自由度（即三个平移和三个旋转）发出的振动功率分量的方法。 通过处理安装在隔离器连接点的两组速度（或加速度）传感器的信号来确定振动功率，一组位于机器侧（输入），另一组位于基础侧（输出）。 该方法适用于假设机器的振动可以用平稳随机过程来表征的机器。 使用窄带（或三分之一倍频程）内两组速度的互谱以及隔振器在感兴趣的频率范围内的动态刚度特性来计算发射的振动功率的分量。 ISO 18312 本部分规定了该方法的频率上限。 ISO 18312 本部分可用于： 从隔离器设计概念评估机械系统； b) 获取数据以准备允许机器振动功率发射的技术要求； c) 确定适当且具有成本效益的振动控制程序； d) 解决诊断问题。 [外文原描述]： This part of ISO 18312 specifies a method for evaluating the vibration power emitted by machines or pipelines (referred to hereinafter as machines) on to supporting structures to which the machines are connected through vibration isolators. This part of ISO 18312 also specifies the method for evaluating the vibration power components emitted in the six degrees of freedom of a Cartesian coordinate system at each joint, i.e. three translations and three rotations. The vibration power is determined by processing the signals from two sets of velocity (or acceleration) transducers mounted at the isolator connection points, one set on the machine side (input) and the other on the foundation side (output). This method is applicable for machines under the assumption that their vibration can be characterized by a stationary random process. The components of emitted vibration power are computed using the cross-spectra of the two sets of velocity in narrow band (or one third-octave) and the dynamic stiffness characteristics of the isolator over the frequency range of interest. The upper frequency limits of this method are established in this part of ISO 18312. This part of ISO 18312 can be used for: a) evaluating a machinery system from isolator design concept; b) obtaining data for preparation of technical requirements for allowable machine vibration power emission; c) determining appropriate and cost-effective vibration control procedures; d) solving diagnostics issues.