土壤质量. 取样. 第204部分: 土壤气取样指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件包含关于使用主动采样（吸附剂、过滤器、空气容器）和被动采样在土壤或建筑物下方的永久性或临时性监测井或其他装置中采集土壤气体的指导。它提供了关于以下方面的指导：采样计划的制定；监测装置的构建；土壤气体样品的运输、包装和储存；质量保证。本文件还提供了与土壤气体动力学和土壤气体源识别相关的基本信息，这些信息适用于土壤或建筑物下方的永久性或临时性钻孔。本文件涵盖的化合物包括：挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）；无机挥发性化合物（如汞、HCN）；永久气体（即CO2、N2、O2、CH4）。本文件不提供以下方面的指导：风险评估和表征；保护措施的选择和设计；保护措施的验证（尽管所描述的现场调查方法在适当时可使用）；大气或室内气体的采样；土壤进入大气的温室气体测量；氡的监测和采样。 [外文原描述]： ISO 18400-204:2017 contains guidance on soil gas sampling using - active sampling (adsorbents, filters, air containers), and - passive sampling applied at permanent or temporary monitoring wells or other installations in soils or underneath buildings (sub-slab). It provides guidance on: - development of a sampling plan; - construction of monitoring installations; - transport, packaging and storage soil gas samples; - quality assurance. ISO 18400-204:2017 also gives basic information about - soil gas dynamics, and - identification of soil gas sources relevant to permanent or temporary boreholes in soils or underneath buildings (sub‑slab). The compounds covered by this document are: . volatile organic compounds (VOCs); . inorganic volatile compounds (e.g. mercury, HCN); . permanent gases (i.e. CO 2 , N 2 , O 2 , CH 4 ). ISO 18400-204:2017 does not give guidance on: - risk evaluation and characterization; - selection and design of protective measures; - the verification of protective measures, although the site investigation methodologies described can be used when appropriate; - the sampling of atmospheric or indoor gases; - the measurement of gases from the soil entering into the atmosphere; - monitoring and sampling for radon.