仿生学. 术语, 概念和方法

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准为科学、工业和教育用途提供了生物仿生学术语的框架。本国际标准旨在为生物仿生应用提供合适的框架。生物仿生学领域被分类和定义，并对大量术语进行了描述，还提供了从新思想的发展到生物仿生产品应用的过程描述。此外，本国际标准概述了各种应用领域，并描述了生物仿生方法与经典研究和开发形式的区别。如果一个技术系统根据本国际标准经过开发过程，则可以将其称为“生物仿生”系统。本国际标准为希望了解生物仿生开发流程并将其生物仿生方法融入工作的开发者、设计者和用户提供指导和支持，旨在为生物仿生领域中的科学家和工程师提供一种共同语言。它可以在任何地方应用，其中自然产生了一个与技术目标系统足够相似的生物系统，可以用于开发技术等效物。 [外文原描述]： ISO 18458:2015 provides a framework for the terminology on biomimetics in scientific, industrial, and educational purposes. ISO 18458:2015 is intended to provide a suitable framework for biomimetic applications. The field of biomimetics is classified and defined, numerous terms are described, and a description of the process of applying biomimetic methods from the development of new ideas to the biomimetic product is provided. The limits and potential of biomimetics as an innovation approach or as a sustainability strategy are also illustrated. In addition, ISO 18458:2015 provides an overview of the various areas of application and describes how biomimetic methods differ from classic forms of research and development. If a technical system is subjected to a development process according to ISO 18458:2015, then it is allowed to be referred to as a "biomimetic" system. ISO 18458:2015 provides guidance and support for developers, designers, and users who want to learn about the biomimetic development process and integrate biomimetic methods into their work aiming at a common language for scientists and engineers working in the field of biomimetics. It can be applied wherever nature has produced a biological system sufficiently similar to the technical target system that can be used to develop a technical equivalent.