农业机械和拖拉机 部分自动化、半自主和自主机械的安全性 第3部分：自主操作区域（ISO 18497-3:2024）

[中文适用范围]： This文件规定了利用系统（感知、监督或其他）防止未经授权的穿越自主作业区边界的原则，这些系统用于农业应用，并且具有部分自动化、半自主和自主功能。此外，它还提供了有关安全工作实践类型的信息指引（包括剩余风险的相关信息）。自主作业区本身不在该文件范围内。自主作业区可以考虑例如自主作业区位置、物理或虚拟边界的因素，自然或人造的物理边界类型以及与系统（感知、监督或其他）相关联的风险，以防止未经授权的穿越自主作业区设计的边界。该文件的目的在于协助提供更具体的安全要求、验证方法和使用信息，以确保适当水平的安全性，特别是针对以特定方式使用的部分自动化、半自动化和自主功能的农业机械和拖拉机。当风险评估确定危险不构成重大危险时，该文件的原则不适用。注：具体的非自动化功能的安全要求可能在专用类型的C标准中提供。本文件不适用于以下情况：——森林作业；——公共道路上的操作包括制动和转向系统的要求。此外，本文件也不适用于在其发布日期之前制造的农业机械和拖拉机或在其发布日期之前投入使用且未应用系统的农业机械和拖拉机。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies principles for the design of agricultural machinery and tractors utilizing systems (perception, supervisory or other) to prevent unintended excursions beyond the boundary of the autonomous operating zone which are used in agricultural applications and that have partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions. Additionally, it provides guidance on the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working practices (including information about residual risks). The autonomous operating zone itself is not within the scope of this document. The autonomous operating zone can include, for example, considerations for the autonomous operating zone location, physical or virtual boundaries, physical boundary types (natural or man-made) and the associated risks with the systems (perception, supervisory or other) to prevent unintended excursions beyond the boundary of the autonomous operating zone design. The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of more specific safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions used in a specified way. This document deals with the significant hazards relevant to agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. Applicability of the design principles and any additional detailed requirements for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document. When risk assessment concludes that hazards are not significant hazards, the principles of this document do not apply. NOTE Safety requirements for specific non-automated functions of agricultural machinery and tractors can be available in machine-specific type-C standards. This document is not applicable to: — forestry applications; — operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems. This document is not applicable to agricultural machinery and tractors which are manufactured before the date of its publication, or to systems applied to agricultural machinery and tractors put into use before the date of its publication.