磁约束聚变设施 应用超导技术所引发的安全系统要求

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在聚变装置中应用超导磁体所引发的安全系统相关要求。安全系统包括约束系统（静态和动态类型）、屏蔽屏障、穿孔以及诸如仪器和控制等支持系统。这些要求适用于聚变装置的正常和异常运行状态。例如，辐射防护应足够，以便允许对电子设备和部件进行检查、维护和更换时进行人工操作；应防止与超导磁体相关的危险，如超导性丧失（失超）、氦气和电压泄漏后导致的帕申击穿，从而破坏安全系统的完整性。本文件将有助于为所有配置的聚变装置（如托卡马克、stellarator和磁惯性聚变装置）中的超导磁体安全系统的设计和评估提供指导。鉴于托卡马克配置的进展和成熟度，本文件主要基于托卡马克配置制定安全要求，但也适用于未来聚变装置可能采用的其他配置和布局。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies requirements concerning safety systems raised by the application of superconducting magnets in fusion facilities. Safety systems include confinement systems (both static and dynamic types), shielding barriers, penetrations, and supporting systems such as instrumentation and control. The requirements are applicable to both normal and abnormal operation of a fusion facility. For instance, the radiation protection shall be adequate in order to permit the hands-on operation to the electronics and parts for inspection, maintenance and replacement; the hazards associated with superconducting magnets, such as the loss of superconductivity (quench), Paschen breakdown following helium and voltage leakage, shall be prevented from breaching the integrity of safety systems. This document will facilitate the design and assessment of the safety systems in a fusion facility with superconducting magnets for all configurations, such as tokamak, stellarator and magneto-inertial fusion devices. Based on the advancement and maturity of the tokamak configuration, this document outlines safety requirements mostly derived from the tokamak configuration but also applicable to other configurations and layouts that may be adopted by future fusion devices.