地理信息.服务场所.参考模型

[中文适用范围]： 该国际标准定义了基于位置的服务（LBS）的参考模型和概念框架，并描述了 LBS 应用程序互操作的基本原则。 该框架引用或包含UML中的本体论、分类法、一组设计模式和一组核心的LBS服务抽象规范。 本国际标准进一步规定了该框架与其他地理信息框架、应用程序和服务以及客户端应用程序的关系。 对于 LBS 系统，该国际标准解决了开放分布式处理参考模型（RM-ODP，请参阅 ISO/IEC 10746-1）中定义的前三个基本观点。 这些观点是 a) 企业观点 – 详细说明系统的目的、范围和策略，b) 信息观点 – 详细说明系统内信息和处理的语义，c) 计算观点 – 详细说明系统的功能分解。 第四和第五观点仅在要求或示例中得到解决。 这些是 d) 工程观点 – 详细说明分发基础设施，e) 技术观点 – 详细说明实施技术。 参考模型和框架可以在从概念设计到软件文档的各个级别上定义。 该国际标准 - 定义了 LBS 的概念框架以及其中包含的应用程序类型， - 为移动和固定客户端建立了 LBS 的一般原则， - 指定了漫游时数据访问的接口， - 定义了与其他设备的架构关系ISO 地理信息标准 - 确定需要进一步的 LBS 标准的领域。 本国际标准不涉及以下问题： - 开发 LBS 的规则； - 移动客户端漫游协议和跟踪目标的一般原则。 [外文原描述]： ISO 19132:2007 defines a reference model and a conceptual framework for location-based services (LBS), and describes the basic principles by which LBS applications may interoperate. This framework references or contains an ontology, a taxonomy, a set of design patterns and a core set of LBS service abstract specifications in UML. ISO 19132:2007 further specifies the framework's relationship to other frameworks, applications and services for geographic information and to client applications. ISO 19132:2007 addresses, for an LBS system, the first three basic viewpoints as defined in the Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP, see ISO/IEC 10746-1). These viewpoints are the Enterprise Viewpoint – detailing the purpose, scope, and policies of the system; Information Viewpoint – detailing the semantics of information and processing within the system; Computational Viewpoint – detailing the functional decomposition of the system. The fourth and fifth viewpoints are addressed only in requirements or examples. These are the Engineering Viewpoint – detailing the infrastructure for distribution; Technology Viewpoint – detailing the technology for implementation; Reference models and frameworks can be defined at a variety of levels, from conceptual design to software documentation. ISO 19132:2007 defines the conceptual framework for and the type of applications included within LBS, establishes general principles for LBS for both mobile and fixed clients, specifies the interface for data access while roaming, defines the architectural relationship with other ISO geographic information standards, and identifies areas in which further standards for LBS are required. ISO 19132:2007 does not address rules by which LBS are developed, nor general principles for roaming agreements for mobile clients and tracking targets.