寻址. 第4部分：国际邮政地址组件和模板语言

[中文适用范围]： 本文件定义了邮政地址、邮政地址组成部分的关键术语及其使用限制。 具体来说，本文件规定了组织成三个层次结构的邮政地址组成部分： ——元素，例如组织名称或邮政编码，它们具有明确定义的概念含义，并且本身不是由从属组成部分组成，尽管它们可以根据技术需要进行细分。 目的； ——结构，例如组织标识，将元素分组为单元，形成邮政地址的逻辑部分； ——段，例如收件人规范，将相关的邮政地址结构和/或邮政地址元素分组为具有特定定义功能的单元。 本文件还规定了创建子元素的机制，子元素对应于元素内容的细分（例如门类型或门指示器）或地址中元素的多次出现和位置（例如行政区域的级别） 。 本文档没有指定任何组件的长度，也没有指定任何组件的值范围。 此外，本文件还规定了识别元素和子元素的代码。 此外，本文件还规定了邮政地址渲染规则。 这包括： ——渲染地址中输出行的识别和排序； ——候选品系的选择条件； ——邮政地址组成部分的顺序和串联； ——必需的和可选的组件； ——用于渲染地址上下文的参数； - 组件的格式，受该任务可用空间的限制。 邮政地址呈现规则在本文档中表示为邮政地址模板。 最后，本文件规定了适合计算机处理的语言，以正式表达邮政地址模板。 本文档不涉及数据保护主题。 尽管如此，还是提醒该文件的用户，个人数据的存储和交换受到许多国家/地区立法的约束。 1 [外文原描述]： This document defines key terms for postal addressing, postal address components and constraints on their use. Specifically, this document specifies postal address components organized into three hierarchical levels: — elements, such as organization name or postcode, which have well-defined conceptual meaning and are not themselves made up of subordinate components, though they can be sub-divided for technical purposes; — constructs, such as organization identification, which group elements into units form a logical portion of a postal address; — segments, such as addressee specification, which group related postal address constructs and/or postal address elements into units with a specific defined function. This document also specifies a mechanism for the creation of sub-elements, which correspond to either sub-divisions of element content, such as door type or door indicator or to multiple occurrences and locations of elements in an address, such as levels of administrative regions. This document does not specify the length of any component nor the value range of any component. Moreover, this document specifies the codes to identify elements and sub-elements. Further, this document specifies postal address rendering rules. This includes: — identification and ordering of output lines in a rendered address; — conditions for the selection of candidate lines; — the order and concatenation of postal address components; — required and optional components; — parameters to contextualize an address for rendering; — the formatting of the components, subject to constraints on the space available for that task. Postal address rendering rules are represented in this document as a postal address template. Finally, this document specifies language suitable for computer processing to formally express postal address templates. This document does not cover the topic of data protection. Users of the document are nevertheless reminded that the storage and exchange of personal data are subject to legislation in many countries.