煤和焦炭 总发热量的测定

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在恒容和25°C参考温度下，使用经认证苯甲酸燃烧校准的燃烧容器量热计测定煤和焦炭总热值的方法。获得的结果是分析样品在恒容下的总热值，所有燃烧产物中的水均为液态水。实践中，燃料在恒定（大气）压力下燃烧，水不冷凝而是作为蒸汽随烟气排出。在这些条件下，实际燃烧热是燃料在恒压下的净热值。也可使用恒容下的净热值；文中给出了计算这两个值的公式。校准和燃料测试的一般原则和程序在主文本中规定，而与使用特定类型量热仪器相关的程序在附录A至C中描述。附录D包含使用指定类型量热计执行校准和燃料测试的检查表。附录E提供了说明部分计算的示例。附录F提供了关于量热计燃烧容器安全使用、维护和测试的指南。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of coal and coke at constant volume and at the reference temperature of 25 °C in a combustion vessel calorimeter calibrated by combustion of certified benzoic acid. The result obtained is the gross calorific value of the analysis sample at constant volume with all the water of the combustion products as liquid water. In practice, fuel is burned at constant (atmospheric) pressure and the water is not condensed but is removed as vapour with the flue gases. Under these conditions, the operative heat of combustion is the net calorific value of the fuel at constant pressure. The net calorific value at constant volume can also be used; formulae are given for calculating both values. General principles and procedures for the calibrations and the fuel tests are specified in the main text, whereas those pertaining to the use of a particular type of calorimetric instrument are described in Annexes A to C . Annex D contains checklists for performing calibration and fuel tests using specified types of calorimeters. Annex E gives examples illustrating some of the calculations. Annex F provides guidance around safe use, maintenance and testing of the calorimeter combustion vessel. NOTE Descriptors: solid fuels, coal, coke, tests, determination, calorific value, rules of calculation, calorimetry.