船舶与海洋技术. 海上起重机. 通用要求

[中文适用范围]： 本文档规定了金属结构船舶起重机的通用要求。本文件适用于以下类型的船舶起重机：- 安装在船舶上用于在港口或受庇护水域条件下装卸货物或集装箱的甲板起重机；- 安装在驳船或浮驳上用于在港口条件下装卸货物和物料的浮式起重机或抓斗起重机；- 安装在船舶（包括浮式干船坞）上的机舱起重机和物料起重机等。注：其他类型的船舶起重机可参考本文件。本文件不适用于以下情况：- 最低环境温度低于 -20°C；- 最高环境温度高于 +45°C；- 事故或碰撞产生的载荷；- 海平面以下的起重操作；- 起重机的运输、组装、拆卸和退役；- 起重吊具，即起重机与被吊物之间的任何物品；- 涉及多台起重机的起重操作；- 手动起重机；- 紧急救援操作；- 岸基货物装卸起重机；- 船载便携式起重机；- 救生艇、救生筏、登乘梯和引航梯的起重设备；- 救生艇和救助艇的降落设备；- 舷梯、登乘梯、引航梯及其起重设备。 [外文原描述]： ISO 19354:2016 specifies the general requirements for marine cranes of metal construction. It is applicable to the following types of marine cranes: - deck cranes mounted on ships for handling cargo or containers in harbour or sheltered water conditions; - floating cranes or grab cranes mounted on barges or pontoons for operating in harbour conditions; - engine room cranes and provision cranes, etc. mounted on ships (including floating docks) for handling equipment and stores in harbour conditions. NOTE Marine cranes in other types can refer to this document. It is not applicable to the following: - minimum ambient operating temperatures below −20 °C; - maximum ambient operating temperatures above +45 °C; - loads from accidents or collisions; - lifting operations below sea level; - transport, assembly, dismantling and decommissioning of cranes; - lifting accessories, i.e. any item between the crane and the load; - lifting operations involving more than one crane; - hand-powered cranes; - emergency rescue operations; - shore-side cargo handling cranes; - portable cranes on board; - lifting appliances for lifeboats, liferafts accommodation ladders, and pilot ladders; - launching appliances for survival craft and rescue boats; - gangways, accommodation and pilot ladders and their handling appliances.