清洁炉灶和清洁烹饪溶液.炉灶的现场试验方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了现场测试方法，用于评估烹饪系统在现实条件下的性能。本文件旨在：a) 提供烹饪系统性能的定量和定性测量。提供评估使用情况、可用性、燃料消耗、能耗、功率、排放、安全性和耐用性的要求和指导。这些测量包括不受控制和受控的烹饪测试。b) 为测量家庭空气污染和个人接触 PM2,5 和 CO 提供指导。c) 为现场评估提供指导，将烹饪系统性能指标与定义的性能水平或反事实情景进行比较，以便评估新烹饪系统是否与未实施新烹饪系统时观察到的情况相比有所改善。d) 为优先考虑平衡全面性和可行性的测量提供指导。烹饪系统的组成部分包括炉灶、烹饪容器、燃料、用户实践和其他烹饪设备（例如锅裙和保温炊具）。为简单起见，本文件中的几个测量值以“炉灶”或“烹饪设备”的测量值表示，但应理解为烹饪系统的测量值。一些测量值（使用量、厨房能耗和污染物暴露）涉及家庭级烹饪系统，包括家庭中的所有炉灶、烹饪设备、燃料和用户实践。烹饪系统还可以包括烹饪环境的其他方面（例如测量暴露时的通风）。本文件适用于主要用于家庭、小型企业和机构应用中烹饪或水加热的炉灶，通常火力小于 20 kW，烹饪容器容量小于 150 升。本文件的规定适用于太阳能炊具。本文件不涵盖主要用于空间加热的电炉或炉灶。虽然本文件的某些部分可能适用于电炉（使用量、可用性、安全性、耐用性、烹饪功率和家庭能耗），但未提供测试电炉所需的具体考虑因素。本文件适用于需要评估现场烹饪系统性能的制造商、实施组织、研究人员、政府或其他实体。 [外文原描述]： This document provides field testing methods to evaluate cooking system performance in real-world conditions. This document is intended to: a) Provide quantitative and qualitative measurements of cooking system performance. Requirements and guidance are provided for evaluation of usage, usability, fuel consumption, energy consumption, power, emissions, safety, and durability. These measurements include uncontrolled and controlled cooking tests. b) Provide guidance for measurements of household air pollution and personal exposure to PM 2,5 and CO. c) Provide guidance for field assessments that compare cooking system performance metrics either to defined performance levels or to a counterfactual scenario that enables assessment of whether the new cooking system is improved compared to what would have been observed without the implementation of a new cooking system. d) Provide guidance for prioritizing measurements that balance comprehensiveness and feasibility. The parts of the cooking system include the cookstove, cooking vessel, fuel, user practice, and additional cooking devices (such as pot skirts and retained heat cookers). Several measurements in this document are presented as measurements of "cookstoves" or "cooking devices" for simplicity, but are intended to be interpreted as measurements of cooking systems. Some measurements (usage, kitchen energy consumption, and pollutant exposure) pertain to household-level cooking systems that include all cookstoves, cooking devices, fuels, and user practices in a household. Cooking systems can also include other aspects of the cooking environment (such as ventilation when measuring exposure). This document is applicable to cookstoves used primarily for cooking or water heating in domestic, small-scale enterprise and in institutional applications, typically with firepower less than 20 kW and cooking vessel volume less than 150 l. The provisions of this document are applicable to solar cookers. This document does not cover electric stoves or cookstoves used primarily for space heating. Although some parts of this document can be applicable to electric stoves (usage, usability, safety, durability, cooking power, and household energy consumption), specific considerations required for testing electric stoves are not provided. This document is intended for manufacturers, implementing organizations, researchers, governments, or other entities that need to evaluate cooking system performance in the field.