核设施气态排放物和气体排放中氚和碳-14的活度 第2部分：用气泡技术采样的氚和碳-14活度的测定

[中文适用范围]： 本文件的目标是表征核设施在运行和退役期间产生的气态流出物中的氚和碳-14，这些流出物与氢和碳的化学形态相同，例如水蒸气（HTO）、氢气（HT、TT）、二氧化碳（14CO2）、一氧化碳（14CO）、甲烷（CH3T、14CH4）。它涉及对代表特定体积流或特定时间段内排放体积的样品进行测量，结果以贝克勒尔表示。 本文件适用于根据ISO 20041-1[2]采样方法获得的样品，并描述了： - 通过液体闪烁计数法测定氚和碳-14活度的分析方法，以及 - 计算氚化水蒸气（HTO）和其他化合物中的氚（非HTO）以及二氧化碳（14CO2）和其他化合物中的碳-14（非14CO2）排放活度的方法。 本文件不适用于环境空气中的氚和碳-14活度浓度，例如在核设施附近。 建立监管报告所需的排放活度问责规则不在本文件范围内，由监管机构负责。 [外文原描述]： The objective of this document is to characterize the gaseous effluents tritium and carbon-14 generated by nuclear facilities during operation and decommissioning and occurring in the same chemical species as hydrogen and carbon, e. g. as water vapour (HTO), hydrogen gas (HT, TT), carbon dioxide ( 14 CO 2 ), carbon monoxide ( 14 CO), methane (CH 3 T, 14 CH 4 ). It concerns measurements on samples that are representative of a certain volume stream or volume of discharge during a given period of time and of the corresponding volume discharged. The result is therefore expressed in becquerels. This document applies to samples that were obtained by sampling methods according to ISO 20041-1 [ 9 ] and describes — analysis methods for the determination of tritium and carbon-14 activities by liquid scintillation counting, and — calculation methods to determine the tritium activities discharged as tritiated water vapour (HTO) and tritium in other chemical compounds (non-HTO) as well as carbon-14 activities discharged as carbon dioxide ( 14 CO 2 ) and carbon-14 in other chemical compounds (non- 14 CO 2 ). This document does not apply to tritium and carbon-14 activity concentrations in the environmental air, e.g. in the vicinity of nuclear installations. The accountability rules of the activities discharged necessary for the establishment of regulatory reports do not fall within the scope of this document and are the responsibility of the regulatory bodies.