皮革 - 通过微生物测定可降解性

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了通过间接测定胶原蛋白降解产生的CO2来测定不同动物来源的生皮（无论是否鞣制）的有氧生物降解程度和速率的测试方法。 将测试材料暴露于水介质中的接种物（来自制革废水的活性污泥）。 如果附近没有制革厂，则可以使用城市废水作为接种物。 本文件中建立的条件对应于实现最大生物降解水平的最佳实验室条件。 然而，它们可能不一定符合天然介质中生物降解的最佳条件或最高水平。 一般来说，实验程序涵盖在受控条件下测定材料的降解程度和速率，从而可以分析整个测试过程中产生的二氧化碳。 为此，测试设备在流量、温度和搅拌控制方面符合严格的要求。 本方法适用于以下材料： ——动物基质（动物组织/皮肤）的天然聚合物； ——使用有机或无机鞣剂鞣制的动物生皮和毛皮（皮革）； ——在测试条件下，皮革不会抑制接种物中存在的微生物的活性。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a test method to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of hides and skins of different animal origin, whether they are tanned or not, through the indirect determination of CO 2 produced by the degradation of collagen. The test material is exposed to an inoculum (activated sludge from tannery wastewater) in an aqueous medium. If there is not a tannery nearby then urban wastewater can be used as the inoculum. The conditions established in this document correspond to optimum laboratory conditions to achieve the maximum level of biodegradation. However, they might not necessarily correspond to the optimum conditions or maximum level of biodegradation in the natural medium. In general, the experimental procedure covers the determination of the degradation degree and rate of the material under controlled conditions, which allows the analysis of the evolved carbon dioxide produced throughout the test. For this purpose, the testing equipment complies with strict requirements with regard to flow, temperature and agitation control. This method applies to the following materials: — natural polymers of animal stroma (animal tissue/skins); — animal hides and skins tanned (leather) using organic or inorganic tanning agents; — leathers that, under testing conditions, do not inhibit the activity of microorganisms present in the inoculum.