声学.结构声和振动源的特性.阻塞力的间接测量

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了一种方法，其中振动部件（结构声或振动源）连接到无源结构（或接收器），并且是组件中振动或结构声辐射的原因。 例如安装在船舶中的泵、车辆中的伺服电机或建筑物中的机器和设备。 在这种情况下，几乎任何振动组件都可以被视为源。 由于需要测量所有接触自由度 (DOF)（源和接收器之间的连接）的振动，本文档只能适用于可以进行此类测量的组件。 本文档仅适用于频率响应函数 (FRF) 为线性且时不变的组件。 源可以安装到实际组件中或连接到专门设计的测试台（如 5.2 中所述）。 标准方法已针对平稳信号进行了验证，因此结果可以在频域中呈现。 然而，该方法并不限于平稳信号：通过适当的数据处理，它也适用于瞬变和冲击等时变信号（前提是保留频响函数的线性和时不变性）。 本文件提供了一种测量和呈现受阻力的方法，以及最小化不确定性的指南。 它提供了一种通过机载验证程序评估结果质量的方法，但不评论结果的可接受性或其他方面。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies a method where a vibrating component (a source of structure-borne sound or vibration) is attached to a passive structure (or receiver) and is the cause of vibration in, or structure-borne sound radiation from, the assembly. Examples are pumps installed in ships, servo motors in vehicles or machines and plant in buildings. Almost any vibrating component can be considered as a source in this context. Due to the need to measure vibration at all contact degrees of freedom (DOFs) (connections between the source and receiver), this document can only be applied to assemblies for which such measurement is possible. This document is applicable only to assemblies whose frequency response functions (FRFs) are linear and time invariant. The source can be installed into a real assembly or attached to a specially designed test stand (as described in 5.2). The standard method has been validated for stationary signals such that the results can be presented in the frequency domain. However, the method is not restricted to stationary signals: with appropriate data processing, it is also applicable to time-varying signals such as transients and shocks (provided linearity and time invariance of the FRFs are preserved). This document provides a method for measurement and presentation of blocked forces, together with guidelines for minimizing uncertainty. It provides a method evaluating the quality of the results through an on-board validation procedure but does not comment on the acceptability or otherwise of the results.