起重机.钢结构特性检验

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准规定了使用极限状态法进行起重机钢结构 competency 验证的一般条件、要求、方法和参数值。它旨在与 ISO 8686 相关部分的载荷和载荷组合一起使用。本国际标准是通用的，涵盖所有类型的起重机。其他国际标准可以为特定类型的起重机指定具体的 competency 验证要求。通过理论计算和/或测试进行的 competency 验证旨在防止与结构性能相关的危险，例如屈服、 ultimate、疲劳和脆性断裂。根据 ISO 8686-1，有两种通用的 competency 计算方法：使用部分安全系数的极限状态法和使用整体安全系数的允许应力法。尽管不排除允许应激方法的有效性，但 ISO 20332 仅涉及极限状态法。本国际标准不涵盖构件和附件（例如栏杆、楼梯、人行道、驾驶室）的 competency 验证计算。然而，这些附件对主结构的影响需要考虑。 [外文原描述]： ISO 20332:2016 sets forth general conditions, requirements, methods, and parameter values for performing proof-of-competence determinations of the steel structures of cranes based upon the limit state method. It is intended to be used together with the loads and load combinations of the applicable parts of ISO 8686. ISO 20332:2016 is general and covers cranes of all types. Other International Standards can give specific proof-of-competence requirements for particular crane types. Proof-of-competence determinations, by theoretical calculations and/or testing, are intended to prevent hazards related to the performance of the structure by establishing the limits of strength, e.g. yield, ultimate, fatigue, and brittle fracture. According to ISO 8686‑1 there are two general approaches to proof-of-competence calculations: the limit state method, employing partial safety factors, and the allowable stress method, employing a global safety factor. Though it does not preclude the validity of allowable stress methodology, ISO 20332 deals only with the limit state method. Proof-of-competence calculations for components of accessories (e.g. handrails, stairs, walkways, cabins) are not covered by this International Standard. However, the influence of such attachments on the main structure needs to be considered.