焊接无损检测 - 超声波检测 - 半自动相控阵技术用于壁厚小的钢构件

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了相控阵技术在半自动或全自动超声波检测厚度在 3.2 mm 和 8.0 mm 之间的钢部件熔焊接头中的应用。这符合锅炉管壁厚值的典型范围，这是该检测技术的一个重要应用。当应用本文件的检测等级“D”时，可以超过壁厚范围的最小值和最大值。本文件适用于板材、管子、管道和容器中几何形状简单的全熔透焊接接头，其中焊缝和母材均为低合金和/或细晶粒钢。注“半自动检测”包括一个或多个探头沿夹具（导向条、标尺等）在部件表面的受控移动，从而用位置传感器明确测量探头位置。探头是手动移动的。“全自动检测”此外还包括机械化推进。本文件中规定了与材料相关的超声波参数，这些参数基于纵波声速为 (5920 ± 50) m/s 和横波声速为 (3255 ± 30) m/s 的钢材。在测试具有不同速度的材料时，必须考虑到这一事实。本文件为相控阵技术在检测、定位、定量和表征熔焊接头中的不连续性方面的具体能力和局限性提供了指导。超声波相控阵技术可以作为一种独立技术使用，也可以与其他无损检测 (NDT) 方法或技术结合使用，用于制造和测试新焊缝/修补焊缝（服务前测试）。本文件规定了两个测试级别： — 级别“C”适用于标准情况； — 级别“D”适用于不同情况/特殊应用。本文件描述了基于以下内容的不连续性验收评估： — 高度和长度； — 振幅（等效反射器尺寸）和长度； — 合格/不合格决定。本文件不包含不连续性的验收水平。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the application of phased array technology for the semi- or fully automated ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in steel parts with thickness values between 3,2 mm and 8,0 mm. This meets the typical range of tube wall thickness values in boilers, which is an important application of this testing technology. The minimum and maximum value of the wall thickness range can be exceeded, when testing level "D" of this document is applied. This document applies to full penetration welded joints of simple geometry in plates, tubes, pipes, and vessels, where both the weld and parent material are low-alloy and/or fine grained steel. NOTE "Semi-automated testing" encompasses a controlled movement of one or more probes on the surface of a component along a fixture (guidance strip, ruler, etc.), whereby the probe position is unambiguously measured with a position sensor. The probe is moved manually. "Fully automated testing" includes mechanized propulsion in addition. Where material-dependent ultrasonic parameters are specified in this document, they are based on steels having a sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. It is necessary to take this fact into account when testing materials with a different velocity. This document provides guidance on the specific capabilities and limitations of phased array technology for the detection, location, sizing and characterization of discontinuities in fusion-welded joints. Ultrasonic phased array technology can be used as a stand-alone technique or in combination with other non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or techniques, during manufacturing and testing of new welds/repair welds (pre-service testing). This document specifies two testing levels: — level "C" for standard situations; — level "D" for different situations/special applications. This document describes assessment of discontinuities for acceptance purposes based on: — height and length; — amplitude (equivalent reflector size) and length; — go/no-go decision. This document does not include acceptance levels for discontinuities.