纺织品.定量显微镜分析.试验的一般原则

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了对各种纤维混合物进行定量显微分析的常用方法。 所述方法基于光学显微镜 (LM) 或扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 的使用、纤维表观直径的测量（纵向视图的制备）或纤维截面面积的测量（横向视图的制备）。 视图），取决于纤维的截面形状。 注 1：当截面形状为圆形或近似圆形时，纵向视图是合适的。 对于其他截面形状，横截面视图就足够了，附录 A 列出了用于计算成分质量百分比的常规纤维密度。 纤维截面形状的图片可在 ISO/TR 11827 中找到。 注 2 附件 B 提供了纤维直径测量（纵向视图）和纤维面积测量（横向视图）的统计数据。 当纤维混合物无法通过手动方法或化学方法分离时，给定程序适用于任何纺织品形式的纤维。 纤维混合物的例子有羊绒和羊毛、棉和亚麻、亚麻和大麻。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies common methods for the quantitative microscopical analysis of various mixtures of fibres. The methods described are based on the use of a light microscope (LM) or a scanning electronic microscope (SEM), on the measurements of the fibre apparent diameter (preparation of longitudinal views) or on the measurements of fibre section area (preparation of cross views), depending on the section shape of the fibres. NOTE 1 When the section shape is circular or almost circular, the longitudinal views are appropriate. For the other section shapes, the cross views are adequate and Annex A lists conventional density of fibres to be used for the calculation of the mass percentage of the components. Pictures of section shapes of fibres can be found in ISO/TR 11827. NOTE 2 Annex B presents statistical data on fibre diameter measurements (longitudinal view) and on fibre area measurements (cross view). The given procedures apply to fibres in any textile form when mixtures of fibres cannot be separated by manual methods or by chemical methods. Examples of mixtures of fibres are cashmere and wool, cotton and flax, flax and hemp.