机械振动. 机械振动的测量和评估. 第2部分：陆基燃气轮机、蒸汽轮机和超过40mw的发电机，带有油膜轴承，额定转速为1500 r / min、1800 r / min、3000 r / min和3600 r / min

[中文适用范围]： 本文件适用于功率输出大于40 MW、采用流体动压轴承、额定转速为1 500 r/min、1 800 r/min、3 000 r/min或3 600 r/min的陆用燃气轮机、汽轮机和发电机（无论是否与燃气和/或汽轮机联合）的地基安装。本文件规定的标准可应用于燃气轮机、汽轮机和发电机（包括同步离合器）的振动。本文件确立了评估以下现场宽带振动严重程度的规定： a) 在所有主轴承座或底座处测量的垂直于轴轴线的结构振动（即横向振动）； b) 在推力轴承座处测量的轴向结构振动； c) 在主轴轴承处或靠近主轴轴承处测量的旋转轴相对于轴轴线的径向（即横向）振动。这些振动包括： —— 正常稳态运行条件下的振动； —— 其他（非稳态）条件下的振动，当发生瞬态变化时，包括升速、降速、初始加载和负载变化； —— 正常稳态运行期间可能发生的振动变化。 本文件不适用于以下情况： i) 发电机定子绕组、铁芯和机壳上由电磁激发的二倍工频振动； ii) 航空衍生型燃气轮机（包括具有与航空衍生型燃气轮机类似动态特性的燃气轮机）； iii) 功率输出小于或等于40 MW或额定转速不是1 500 r/min、1 800 r/min、3 000 r/min或3 600 r/min的汽轮机和/或发电机（尽管发电机很少属于此类）（见ISO 7919-3和ISO 10816-3）； iv) 功率输出小于或等于40 MW或额定转速不是1 500 r/min、1 800 r/min、3 000 r/min或3 600 r/min的燃气轮机（见ISO 7919-3或ISO 7919-4以及ISO 10816-3或ISO 10816-4）； v) 燃烧振动的评估，但不排除对燃烧振动的监测。 [外文原描述]： ISO 20816-2:2017 is applicable to land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators (whether coupled with gas and/or steam turbines) with power outputs greater than 40 MW, fluid-film bearings and rated speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min. The criteria provided in this document can be applied to the vibration of the gas turbine, steam turbine and generator and other shaftline components (such as synchronizing clutches, exciters or flywheel masses). ISO 20816-2:2017 establishes provisions for evaluating the severity of the following in-situ, broad-band vibration: a) structural vibration at all main bearing housings or pedestals measured radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis; b) structural vibration at thrust bearing housings measured in the axial direction; c) vibration of rotating shafts radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis at, or close to, the main bearings. These are in terms of the following: - vibration under normal steady-state operating conditions; - vibration during other (non-steady-state) conditions when transient changes are taking place, including run up or run down, initial loading and load changes; - changes in vibration which can occur during normal steady-state operation. ISO 20816-2:2017 is not applicable to the following: i) electromagnetic excited vibration with twice line frequency at the generator stator windings, core and housing; ii) aero-derivative gas turbines (including gas turbines with dynamic properties similar to those of aero-derivatives); NOTE ISO 3977‑3 defines aero-derivatives as aircraft propulsion gas generators adapted to drive mechanical, electrical or marine propulsion equipment. Large differences exist between heavy-duty and aero-derivative gas turbines, for example, in casing flexibility, bearing design, rotor-to-stator mass ratio and mounting structure. Different criteria, therefore, apply for these two turbine types. iii) steam turbines and/or generators with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW or with rated speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (although generators seldom fall into this latter category) (see ISO 20816-3); iv) gas turbines with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW or with rated speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (see ISO 20816-3 or ISO 20816-4); v) the evaluation of combustion vibration but does not preclude monitoring of combustion vibration.