机械振动. 机器振动的测量和评估. 第5部分: 水力发电厂和抽水蓄能厂的机器组(ISO 20816-5-2018)

[中文适用范围]： 该文件为现场测量和评估水力发电厂和抽水蓄能电站机组振动严重程度提供了具体指导。 它既考虑了非旋转部件（例如壳体和轴承）的振动，也考虑了轴上的径向振动。 [外文原描述]： This document provides guidelines for evaluating the vibration measurements made at the bearings, bearing pedestals or bearing housings and also for evaluating relative shaft vibration measurements made on machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants when the machine is operating within its normal operating range. The normal operating ranges for each type of turbine covered by this document are defined in Annex A. This document is applicable to machine sets in hydraulic power generating plants and in pump-storage plants with typical rotational speeds of 60 r/min to 1 000 r/min fitted with shell or pad (shoe) type oil-lubricated bearings. NOTE The current database includes machine speeds ranging from 60 r/min to 750 r/min (with a very small sample of 1 000 r/min machines). This document defines different limit values of bearing housing and shaft vibration depending on the type of turbine, the orientation of the shaft (i.e. horizontal or vertical) and for each of the bearing locations. This document is based on statistical analysis and provides criteria for the most common types of turbines, pump-turbines and pumps. For specific information on which types of units are covered in this document, see Annex A. Machine sets covered by this document can have the following configurations: a) generators driven by hydraulic turbines; b) motor-generators driven by pump-turbines; c) motor-generators driven by hydraulic turbines and separate pumps; d) pumps driven by electric motors. This document is not applicable to the following unit configurations, parameters and operating conditions: — hydraulic machines with water-lubricated bearings; — hydraulic machines or machine sets having rolling element bearings (for these machines, see IEC 62006 and/or ISO 10816‑3); — pumps in thermal power plants or industrial installations (for these machines, see ISO 10816‑7); — electrical machines operating as motors except for the use of these machines in pump-storage applications; — hydro generators operating as synchronous condensers (with the water in the turbine depressed by compressed air); — assessment of absolute bearing housing vibration displacement; — assessment of axial vibration; — assessment of transient conditions; — non-synchronous operation; — assessment of vibration of the generator stator core or the stator frame level. Measurements made of the bearing housing vibration and shaft vibration occurring in machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants can be used for the following purposes: 1) Purpose A: to prevent damage arising from excessive vibration magnitudes; 2) Purpose B: to monitor changes in vibrational behaviour in order to allow diagnosis and/or prognosis. The criteria are applicable for the vibration produced by the machine set itself. Special investigation is needed for vibration transmitted to the machine set from external sources, e.g. transmitted to the machine via the station foundations.