纤维增强塑料复合材料.层压板厚度特性的测定.第1部分：直接拉伸和压缩试验

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了使用矩形棱柱和/或腰块试样测定纤维增强塑料复合材料的全厚度性能（即强度、弹性模量、泊松比和应变失效）的方法。 这些方法适用于各种排列和非排列、连续和不连续的纤维形式，包括热固性和热塑性基质，厚度范围为 20 毫米至 40 毫米。 本文件描述了三种样本类型。 它们是： ——I 型 - 沿样本长度的固定矩形横截面。 它是测定弹性性能的首选样品。 — II 型 - 腰部矩形横截面，沿样本长度可变横截面。 它仅适用于测定拉伸强度值，是高各向异性和热塑性材料的首选样本。 — III 型 - 腰部矩形横截面，沿试样标距的固定横截面。 它用于提供弹性和强度属性数据，是生成完整应力应变响应的首选样本。 I 型和 II 型样本也适合与非增强塑料一起使用，但不适合与刚性多孔材料和包含多孔材料的夹层结构一起使用。 涵盖两种测试模式： ——方法 A – 拉伸 — 方法 B – 压缩 [外文原描述]： This document specifies methods for determining the through-thickness properties (i.e. strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio and strain-to-failure) of fibre-reinforced plastic composites using either rectangular prism and/or waisted block specimens. The methods are suitable for use with a variety of aligned and non-aligned, continuous, and discontinuous fibre formats, with both thermoset and thermoplastic matrices, ranging from 20 mm to 40 mm in thickness. Three specimen types are described in this document. These are: — Type I - fixed rectangular cross-section along length of specimen. It is the preferred specimen for determining elastic properties. — Type II - waisted rectangular cross-section, variable cross-section along length of specimen. It is only suitable for determining tensile strength values and is the preferred specimen for highly anisotropic and thermoplastic materials. — Type III - waisted rectangular cross-section, fixed cross-section along the gauge-length of specimen. It is used to provide both elastic and strength property data and is the preferred specimen for generating a full stress-strain response. Specimen types I and II are also suitable for use with unreinforced plastics but are unsuitable for use with rigid cellular materials and sandwich structures containing cellular materials. Two testing modes are covered: — Method A – Tension — Method B – Compression