空气质量.评定测量不确定度指南

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准为空气质量测量的不确定性估计提供了全面的指导和具体的统计程序，包括环境空气、固定源排放、室内空气、工作场所大气和气象的测量。 它将测量不确定度表达指南 (GUM) 的一般建议应用于空气质量测量中满足的边界条件。 所考虑的边界条件包括被测量随时间快速变化，以及在预期使用空气质量测量方法的条件下获得的一系列观测结果中是否存在偏差。 所考虑的测量方法包括 - 通过重复观察参考材料来校正系统效应的方法， - 通过与参考方法配对测量来校准的方法， - 由于设计无偏差而未校正系统效应的方法，以及 - 未校正系统效应的方法有意使用时考虑到偏差的系统效应。 用于不确定性估计的实验数据可以通过直接方法中的单个实验设计来提供，也可以通过间接方法中的不同实验设计的组合来提供。 [外文原描述]： ISO 20988:2007 provides comprehensive guidance and specific statistical procedures for uncertainty estimation in air quality measurements including measurements of ambient air, stationary source emissions, indoor air, workplace atmospheres and meteorology. It applies the general recommendations of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) to boundary conditions met in air quality measurement. The boundary conditions considered include measurands varying rapidly in time, as well as the presence of bias in a series of observations obtained under conditions of intended use of methods of air quality measurement. The methods of measurement considered comprise methods corrected for systematic effects by repeated observation of reference materials, methods calibrated by paired measurement with a reference method, methods not corrected for systematic effects because they are unbiased by design, and methods not corrected for systematic effects in intended use deliberately taking into account a bias. Experimental data for uncertainty estimation can be provided either by a single experimental design in a direct approach or by a combination of different experimental designs in an indirect approach.