化妆品.微生物学.好氧嗜温菌的计数和检测

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了化妆品中存在的需氧嗜温细菌的计数和检测的一般指南——通过在有氧培养后计数琼脂培养基上的菌落，或者——通过检查富集后是否有细菌生长。 由于该应用领域内的化妆品种类繁多，因此该方法可能并不适合某些产品的每个细节（例如某些与水不混溶的产品）。 其他方法（例如自动方法）可以替代此处提出的测试，只要它们的等效性已被证明或该方法已被证明是合适的。 如果需要，可以使用参考书目中给出的标准中描述的合适的鉴定测试来鉴定所列举或检测的微生物。 为了确保消费者的产品质量和安全，建议进行适当的微生物风险分析，以确定本文件适用的化妆品类型。 被认为具有低微生物风险的产品（参见 ISO 29621）包括低水分活度、水醇产品、极端 pH 值等。 [外文原描述]： ISO 21149:2017 gives general guidelines for enumeration and detection of aerobic mesophilic bacteria present in cosmetics - by counting the colonies on agar medium after aerobic incubation, or - by checking the absence of bacterial growth after enrichment. Because of the large variety of cosmetic products within this field of application, this method may not be appropriate for some products in every detail (e.g. certain water immiscible products). Other methods (e.g. automated) may be substituted for the tests presented here provided that their equivalence has been demonstrated or the method has been otherwise shown to be suitable. If needed, microorganisms enumerated or detected may be identified using suitable identification tests described in the standards given in the Bibliography. In order to ensure product quality and safety for consumers, it is advisable to perform an appropriate microbiological risk analysis to determine the types of cosmetic products to which this document is applicable. Products considered to present a low microbiological risk (see ISO 29621) include those with low water activity, hydro-alcoholic products, extreme pH values, etc.