健康信息学. 功能和结构任务

[中文适用范围]： 本文件定义了一个基本的模型，用于表达功能和结构角色，并在国际健康应用中加以推广。角色通常被赋予给实体（actors），特别是个人（如卫生专业人员）及其在提供护理环境中的角色（如接受护理的对象）。角色可以是结构性的（例如持牌普通内科医生、无执照转录员等）或功能性的（例如一个组成治疗团队成员的提供者、主治医生、开方者等）。结构角色相对静态，通常持续多年。它们处理实体之间的关系，在复杂概念层面上表达。功能性角色与实现概念有关。本文件中涉及的角色不仅限于特权管理目的，尽管特权管理和访问控制是该文件的一个应用。该文件不涉及动作和通常是高度动态的。它们通常以分解到细粒度地址的具体规范形式表示，与权限相关。本文件将角色和权限作为独立构建处理。关于与权限、策略及访问控制的关系进一步细节载于ISO 22600。 [外文原描述]： ISO 21298:2017 defines a model for expressing functional and structural roles and populates it with a basic set of roles for international use in health applications. Roles are generally assigned to entities that are actors. This will focus on roles of persons (e.g. the roles of health professionals) and their roles in the context of the provision of care (e.g. subject of care). Roles can be structural (e.g. licensed general practitioner, non-licensed transcriptionist, etc.) or functional (e.g. a provider who is a member of a therapeutic team, an attending physician, prescriber, etc.). Structural roles are relatively static, often lasting for many years. They deal with relationships between entities expressed at a level of complex concepts. Functional roles are bound to the realization of actions and are highly dynamic. They are normally expressed at a decomposed level of fine-grained concepts. Roles addressed in this document are not restricted to privilege management purposes, though privilege management and access control is one of the applications of this document. This document does not address specifications related to permissions. This document treats the role and the permission as separate constructs. Further details regarding the relationship with permissions, policy, and access control are provided in ISO 22600.