塑料 - 未增塑的聚（氯乙烯）（Pvc-U）成型和挤出材料 - 第2部分:试样的制备和性能的测定

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了测试样品的制备方法以及用于确定 PVC-U 模塑和挤出材料性能的测试方法。 给出了处理测试材料以及成型前测试材料和测试前样品的调节要求。 ISO 21306-1 中给出了 PVC-U 热塑性塑料名称所需的性能。 所有属性均应通过本文件中提及的适当方法测定，获得的值应按照 ISO 10350-1 中的规定表示。 根据本文件确定的值不一定与使用不同尺寸和/或通过不同程序制备的样本获得的值相同。 获得的模制品性能值取决于模塑料、形状、测试方法和各向异性状态。 最后提到的取决于模具的浇口和成型条件，例如温度、压力和注射速率。 还可以考虑任何后续处理，例如调节或退火。 样品的热历史和内应力可以强烈影响热性能和机械性能以及耐环境应力开裂性，但对电性能影响较小，电性能主要取决于模塑料的化学成分。 为了获得可重复且可比较的测试结果，使用本文指定的制备和调节方法、样本尺寸和测试程序。 测定的值不一定与使用不同尺寸的样本获得的值或使用不同程序制备的值相同。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the methods of preparation of test specimens and the test methods to be used in determining the properties of PVC-U moulding and extrusion materials. Requirements for handling test materials and for conditioning both the test material before moulding and the specimens before testing are given. The properties required for the designation of PVC-U thermoplastics are given in ISO 21306-1. All properties are intended to be determined by the appropriate methods referred to in this document and values obtained shall be presented as laid down in ISO 10350-1. The values determined in accordance with this document are not necessarily be identical to those obtained using specimens of different dimensions and/or prepared by different procedures. The values obtained for the properties of a moulding depend on the moulding compound, the shape, the test method and the state of anisotropy. The last-mentioned depends on the gating of the mould and the moulding conditions, for example temperature, pressure and injection rate. Any subsequent treatment is also be considered, for example conditioning or annealing. The thermal history and the internal stresses of the specimens can strongly influence the thermal and mechanical properties and the resistance to environmental stress cracking, but exert less effect on the electrical properties, which depend mainly on the chemical composition of the moulding compound. In order to obtain reproducible and comparable test results, the methods of preparation and conditioning, the specimen dimensions and the test procedures specified herein are used. Values determined are not necessarily be identical to those obtained using specimens of different dimensions or prepared using different procedures.