临床放射量测定.短距离放射治疗用β辐射源

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准规定了在眼科肿瘤和血管内近距离治疗中应用β辐射前，用于测定水或组织中吸收剂量分布的方法。给出了β辐射源校准、剂量测量、剂量计算、剂量学质量保证以及β辐射近距离治疗计划制定的建议。还提供了估算水吸收剂量不确定性的指导。本国际标准适用于“密封”放射性源，如平面和凹面表面源、单颗种子源串、线源以及壳源和体积源，其中仅β辐射具有治疗相关性。本国际标准中描述的临床剂量学程序标准化是可靠应用β辐射近距离治疗的基础。本国际标准中描述的具体剂量学方法适用于治疗眼科疾病、血管内近距离治疗以克服再狭窄问题以及其他使用β辐射的临床应用。本国际标准面向希望建立参考方法以满足临床对交付剂量具有适当小不确定性的组织。本国际标准不排除存在其他方法导致相同或更小的测量不确定性的可能性。 [外文原描述]： ISO 21439:2009 specifies methods for the determination of absorbed-dose distributions in water or tissue that are required prior to initiating procedures for the application of beta radiation in ophthalmic tumour and intravascular brachytherapy ] . Recommendations are given for beta-radiation source calibration, dosemetry measurements, dose calculation, dosemetric quality assurance, as well as for beta-radiation brachytherapy treatment planning. Guidance is also given for estimating the uncertainty of the absorbed dose to water. ISO 21439:2009 is applicable to “sealed” radioactive sources, such as plane and concave surface sources, source trains of single seeds, line sources, shell and volume sources, for which only the beta radiation emitted is of therapeutic relevance. The standardization of procedures in clinical dosemetry described in ISO 21439:2009 serves as a basis for the reliable application of beta-radiation brachytherapy. The specific dosemetric methods described in ISO 21439:2009 apply to sources for the curative treatment of ophthalmic disease, for intravascular brachytherapy treatment, for overcoming the problem of restenosis and for other clinical applications using beta radiation. ISO 21439:2009 is geared towards organizations wishing to establish reference methods in dosemetry aiming at clinical demands for an appropriately small uncertainty of the delivered dose. ISO 21439:2009 does not exclude the possibility that there can be other methods leading to the same or smaller measurement uncertainties.