语言编码——语言变体的框架——第3部分:框架的应用

[中文适用范围]： 人类语言（见 ISO 639）。它适用于手语。它不适用于： — 与机器或机器之间交流的人工手段（如编程语言）； — 那些既不完全也不很大程度上等同于人类语言的人类交流手段（如一组单独的符号或手势，每个符号或手势都带有独立的含义，但不能自由组合成复杂的表达）。 本文件提供了如何应用框架来识别语言变异的基本维度和子维度以及由此产生的变体（包括人类交流的主要方式）的指导。它不包括任何代码或个人标识符。本文件的结构与 ISO/TR 21636-2 严格类似。有关每个条款中涉及的维度和变体的一般描述，用户可以参考该文件中的相应条款。本文件仅关注语言变体的识别和描述，而不是人类语言资源 (LR) 描述的一般、形式或技术方面，这些方面由一般元数据框架涵盖。注 1：对于语言资源的一般描述，用户至少可以最低限度地应用开放语言档案社区 (OLAC) 元数据标准[7] 的元数据，该标准提供了都柏林核心元数据倡议 (DCMI)[8] 定义的都柏林核心元数据元素集的应用。这些描述符已在 ISO 15836-1:2017 中得到认可。注 2：组件元数据基础设施 (CMDI)[9] 为 LR 之间的技术和内容互操作性及其可持续性提供了最佳实践指南[10]。 [外文原描述]： The ISO 21636 series provides a framework for the identification and description of varieties of all individual human languages (see ISO 639). It is applicable to sign languages. It does not apply to: — artificial means of communication with or between machines (such as programming languages); — those means of human communication which are neither fully nor largely equivalent to human language (such as sets of individual symbols or gestures that each carry isolated meanings but cannot be freely combined into complex expressions). This document gives guidance on how to apply the framework to identify basic dimensions and sub-dimensions of linguistic variation and the resulting varieties, including major modalities of human communication. It does not include any code or individual identifiers. This document is structured strictly analogously to ISO/TR 21636-2. For a general description of the dimension and varieties dealt with in each clause, the user can refer to the corresponding clause in that document. This document focuses only on the identification and description of language varieties, not on the general, formal or technical aspects of the description of human language resources (LRs), which are covered by general metadata frameworks. NOTE 1 For the general description of a language resource, a user can minimally apply at least the metadata of the Open Language Archives Community (OLAC) metadata standard, which provides an application of the Dublin Core metadata element set as defined by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI). These descriptors have been recognized in ISO 15836-1:2017. NOTE 2 The Component Metadata Infrastructure (CMDI) provides a best practice guide for the sake of technical and content interoperability between LRs as well as of their sustainability.