土方机械.碰撞警告和避免.第1部分:一般要求

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了有关碰撞警告和防撞系统原理的术语和一般指南： ——ISO 6165 中定义的土方机械， — ISO 19296 中定义的移动式地下采矿机械，以及 — ISO 22242 中定义的道路施工机械本文件提供了物体检测、对操作员的警告、避免碰撞的自动干预控制以及测试程序的一般要求。 它旨在与 ISO 21815 系列的其他部分结合使用，为碰撞警告和防撞系统以及确定风险区域和风险级别提供详细的指导和要求。 ISO 21815 系列的用例部分定义了特定类型机器的具体要求和定义。 本文件涵盖通过减速或运动禁止来避免碰撞：它不涵盖通过自动操纵（例如转向）远离预期物体来避免碰撞。 本文档中描述的系统仅用于帮助机器操作员。 机器安全操作的责任由机器操作员承担。 本文件不适用于在其发布之日之前安装到机器上的碰撞警告和防撞系统。 [外文原描述]： This document provides terminology and general guidance on the principles of collision warning and collision avoidance systems for: — earth moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165, — mobile underground mining machinery as defined in ISO 19296, and — road construction machinery as defined in ISO 22242. This document provides general requirements for detection of objects, warnings to the operator, automatic intervention control to avoid collision, and test procedures. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 21815 series, which provide detailed guidance and requirements for collision warning and collision avoidance systems and determining risk areas and risk levels. The specific requirements and definitions for particular types of machines are defined in the use case parts of the ISO 21815 series. This document covers collision avoidance by speed reduction or motion inhibit: it does not cover avoidance by automatic manoeuvring (e.g. steering) away from the intended object. The systems described in this document are only intended to assist the operator of the machine. The responsibility for safe operation of the machine remains with the operator of the machine. This document is not applicable to collision warning and collision avoidance systems installed to the machine before the date of its publication.