空运货物 货物止动装置 设计和测试

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了额定负载为 22250 N (5000 lbf) 的“货物止动器”空运货物约束配件的设计、性能和测试要求，与符合 ISO 16049-1（TSO/ETSO ̶ C172）的空运货物约束带或符合 ISO 20291-1 的空运货物约束吊索配合使用，额定负载相同。按照本文件设计的货物止动器装置旨在用于以下典型情况之一：a) 确保约束/束缚住一件货物，该货物既不能直接钩住束缚带，也不能绕过束缚带而没有滑落的风险；一个常见的例子是长形且横截面较窄的货物，无论是否从托盘上悬垂，单独或成捆，例如管子或横梁；参见 ISO 16049-2:2020，7.4； b) 约束小于托盘网孔尺寸的货物，或被认定为“刺穿”的货物，因为如果在飞行过程中这些货物被释放，会对飞机造成危险； c) 当装有货物的板条箱即使其横截面积足够大，可以用托盘网或约束带直接绑住，但其中装有或可能装有横截面积小于托盘网孔尺寸的重物（例如，机器、轴或类似物）； 注：已知此类“隐藏”物品在飞行中受到加速时会从强度不够的板条箱中挣脱，然后由于体积小而穿过约束板条箱的网孔，被释放到货舱中。 d) 在难以或不允许直接连接束缚带或以有效方式将束缚带绕过货物的情况下，协助束缚形状奇特的货物。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies the design, performance and testing requirements for "Cargo Stopper" air cargo restraint accessories with a 22 250 N (5 000 lbf) rated load capacity, to be used in conjunction with air cargo restraint straps meeting ISO 16049-1 (TSO/ETSO ̶ C172), or air cargo restraint slings meeting ISO 20291-1, with the same rated load. Cargo stopper devices designed to this document are intended to be used in either of the following typical instances: a) to ensure restraint/tie-down of a piece of cargo that does not lend itself to either direct hooking of tie-down straps or passing a strap around without risk of slippage; a common example is long shaped cargo items with a narrow cross-section, whether or not overhanging from the pallet, individual or in bundles, e.g. pipes or beams; see ISO 16049-2:2020, 7.4; b) to restrain cargo smaller than the pallet net's mesh, or identified as "piercing" cargo, presenting a hazard to the aircraft in the event of it being released during flight; c) when a crate containing cargo, even though its cross-section is large enough to be directly tied-down with the pallet net or restraint straps, contains or can contain a heavy item, e.g. a piece of machinery, shaft, or similar, with a cross-section lower than the pallet net's mesh size; NOTE Such "hidden" items have been known to break free from insufficiently strong crates when subjected to in-flight accelerations, then pass due to their small size through the net mesh restraining the crate and be released into the cargo compartment. d) to assist in tying-down odd-shaped cargo pieces where it is difficult or not allowed to directly attach tie-down straps or pass them around the load in an effective manner.