监测放射性材料的无意移动和非法贩运

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了监测放射性物质意外移动和非法贩运的方法和手段。它提供了使用固定和便携式（例如手持式）仪器监测放射性物质辐射特征的指南。重点放在操作方面，即主要在过境设施监测交通和商品的要求。虽然本文件中反复使用“边境”一词，但它不仅适用于国际陆地边界，也适用于海港、机场和检查货物或个人的类似地点。本文件没有具体解决在回收设施检测放射性物质的问题，尽管人们认识到金属的跨境移动是存在的，并且废金属的监测可能在一国边境进行。本文件适用于 — 寻求有关实施打击非法贩运行动计划指导的监管机构和其他主管当局， — 执法机构，例如边防警卫，以获取有关推荐的监测程序的指导， — 设备制造商，以了解根据本文件从操作必需品中得出的最低要求，以及 — 适用于本文件的辐射探测设备的最终用户。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies methods and means of monitoring for inadvertent movement and illicit trafficking of radioactive material. It provides guidelines on the use of both stationary and portable, for example hand-held, instruments to monitor for radiation signatures from radioactive material. Emphasis is placed on the operational aspects, i.e., requirements derived for monitoring of traffic and commodities mainly at border-crossing facilities. Although the term border is used repeatedly in this document, it is meant to apply not only to international land borders but also maritime ports, airports, and similar locations where goods or individuals are being checked. This document does not specifically address the issue of detection of radioactive materials at recycling facilities, although it is recognized that transboundary movement of metals for recycling occurs, and that monitoring of scrap metals might be done at the borders of a state. This document is applicable to — regulatory bodies and other competent authorities seeking guidance on implementation of action plans to combat illicit trafficking, — law enforcement agencies, for example border guards, to obtain guidelines on recommended monitoring procedures, — equipment manufacturers in order to understand minimum requirements derived from operational necessities according to this document, and — end-users of radiation detection equipment applicable to this document.