机床试验规程.第12部分:成品试样的精度

[中文适用范围]： 本标准规定了制造精密试件的加工试验的定义方法，以及评价直线轴和旋转轴准静态几何误差影响以及同时控制多轴同步误差影响的方法。 尽管准静态几何误差通常是成品测试件几何误差的主要影响因素，但其他因素（例如动态轮廓误差）也可能产生重大影响。 本文件描述了适用于各个机床的测试件几何形状的示例、加工误差的可能影响因素、要测量的偏差和测量仪器。 通过阐明每个加工测试中加工误差的可能影响因素，本文件为机床制造商或用户提供了指导，以便选择适当的加工测试来评估机床在特定加工应用中的加工性能。 第 5 章描述了评估单个表面几何精度的加工测试，第 6 章描述了评估多个加工特征几何关系的加工测试。 第 7 章介绍了其他目的的加工测试：用于评估短期加工特征的加工测试。 能力（7.2），以及用于评估热影响的加工测试（7.3）。 [外文原描述]： This document specifies methods for defining machining tests for manufacturing accurate test pieces, and for evaluating the influence of quasi-static geometric errors of linear axes and rotary axes, and the influence of the synchronization error of simultaneously controlled multiple axes. Although quasi-static geometric errors are often major contributors for geometric errors of finished test pieces, other factors, e.g. the dynamic contouring error, can also have significant influence. This document describes examples of test piece geometry applicable to individual machine tools, possible contributors to machining error, deviations to be measured and measuring instruments. By clarifying possible contributors to machining error in each machining test, this document gives a guidance to machine tool manufacturers or users such that proper machining tests can be chosen to evaluate a machine tool’s machining performance in specified machining applications. Machining tests to evaluate the geometric accuracy of a single surface are described in Clause 5, and those to evaluate geometric relationship of multiple machining features are described in Clause 6. Clause 7 presents machining tests for other objectives: machining tests for evaluation of short-term capability (7.2), and machining tests for evaluation of thermal influence (7.3).