耐火制品.用X射线衍射法测定含碳耐火材料中的还原物种

[中文适用范围]： 本文件描述了使用布拉格-布伦塔诺衍射仪通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 测定含碳或石墨耐火产品中通常作为添加剂或反应产物存在的矿物相的方法。 它包括样品制备的详细信息以及矿物相成分定性和定量分析的一般原则。 描述了α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4、AlN、金属铝、Al4C3、金属硅、碳化硼和BN的定量测定。 强调了一些决定中遇到的问题。 一些耐火材料中存在的其他还原物质可能包括 Al2O3·AlN 固溶体（所谓的 Alons）、Si3N4·SiO2 固溶体和 Si3N4·Al2O3 固溶体（Sialons）。 其中一些固溶体成分的存在将导致识别和定量方面的问题，因为它们不是明确定义的结构。 注：为了使含氮相合理化，使用根据 EN 12698-1 分析的总氮含量。 [外文原描述]： This document describes methods for the determination of mineralogical phases often present as additives or reaction products in carbon containing or graphitic refractory products by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer. It includes details of sample preparation and general principles for qualitative and quantitative analysis of mineralogical phase composition. Quantitative determination of α-Si 3 N 4 , β-Si 3 N 4 , AlN, aluminium metal, Al 4 C 3 , silicon metal, boron carbide and BN are described. The problems encountered with some determinations are highlighted. Additional reduced species present in some refractories could include Al 2 O 3 ⋅AlN solid solutions (so called Alons), Si 3 N 4 ⋅SiO 2 solid solutions and Si 3 N 4 ⋅Al 2 O 3 solid solutions (Sialons). The presence of some of these solid solution components will cause problems with both identification and quantification as they are not well-defined structures. NOTE For rationalisation of nitrogen containing phases, the total nitrogen content, analysed in accordance with EN 12698-1 is used.