田间矿质土壤中有机碳和氮储量及其变化测定指南

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提出了一种定量地块规模矿质土壤中土壤有机碳和氮储量的方法。 它还为如何同时检测和量化田间矿质土壤中碳和氮储量随时间的变化提供了指导。 它基于已经发布的多个文档[2]、[3]、[4]、[5]、[6]、[7]、[8]。 本文件不适用于有机土壤、永久冻土土壤、湿地土壤或容易淹没在地下水位以下的土层。 注 1：增加土壤碳储存的可能性被视为封存大气二氧化碳（CO2）和减少温室气体（GHG）排放的一种手段。 有关土壤氮 (N) 储量的信息至关重要，因为它通过植物营养和有机物分解与碳循环相互作用，并且氮泄漏是环境问题（例如，N2O 排放、NO3 浸出）。 因此，准确测量土地利用和实践变化对有机碳和氮储量的影响变得越来越重要。 注 2：在了解土壤无机碳变化的同时，了解陆地-大气中 CO2 的交换也很重要，测量土壤无机碳储量不属于本文件的范围。 [外文原描述]： This document presents a method to quantify the soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in mineral soils at plot scale. It also provides guidance on how to detect and quantify simultaneously the variations of carbon and nitrogen stocks over time in mineral soils at field scale. It is based on several documents already published [2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8] . This document does not apply to organic soils, soils with permafrost, wetland soils, or to soil layers prone to submergence below the groundwater table. NOTE 1 The possibility of increasing soil C storage is viewed as a means to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Information on soil nitrogen (N) stocks is crucial because it interacts with carbon cycling through plant nutrition and organic matter decomposition, and leakage of N is of environmental concern (e.g. N 2 O emissions, NO 3 - leaching). Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to measure accurately the impact of changes of land uses and practices on organic carbon and nitrogen stocks. NOTE 2 While understanding changes in soil inorganic carbon it is important also to understand the land-atmosphere exchange of CO 2 , measuring stocks of soil inorganic carbon is outside the scope of this document.