与饮用水和废水处理服务相关的活动

[中文适用范围]： 本文件为废水设施管理和废水服务评估提供了指导方针。本文件适用于公有和私有的废水设施，但不偏向任何特定的所有权或运营模式。注 1 使用或消耗水时总会产生废水。因此，废水来源可以是住宅、工业、商业或机构。收集的雨水或（融化的）雪也可以被视为废水，因为它们在进入收集系统的过程中通常会携带从空气或地面吸收的污染物和病原体。在某些情况下，特别是在未开发地区，卫生废物以未稀释的形式收集。本文件涉及整个废水系统，适用于任何开发水平的系统（例如坑厕、现场系统、网络、处理设施）。以下内容属于本文件的范围： — 定义不同利益相关者共同使用的语言； — 废水设施的目标； — 废水设施管理指南； — 服务评估标准和相关的绩效指标示例，所有这些都没有设定任何目标值或阈值。以下内容不在本文件的范围内： — 废水系统的设计和施工方法； — 废水服务运营和管理活动的管理结构和方法的规定； — 合同或分包合同内容的规定； — 与建筑物内部、排放点和收集点之间的系统相关的主题。 [外文原描述]： This document provides guidelines for the management of wastewater utilities and the assessment of wastewater services. This document is applicable to publicly and privately owned and operated wastewater utilities but does not favour any particular ownership or operational model. NOTE 1 Wastewater is always generated when water is used or consumed. Accordingly, sources of wastewater can be residential, industrial, commercial or institutional. Collected storm water or (melted) snow can also be considered as wastewater, as it often carries contaminants and pathogens picked up from air or ground surfaces on its way to a collection system. In certain circumstances, especially in undeveloped areas, sanitary waste is collected in an undiluted form. This document addresses wastewater systems in their entirety and is applicable to systems at any level of development (e.g. pit latrines, on-site systems, networks, treatment facilities). The following are within the scope of this document: — the definition of a language common to different stakeholders; — objectives for the wastewater utility; — guidelines for the management of wastewater utilities; — service assessment criteria and related examples of performance indicators, all without setting any target values or thresholds. The following are outside the scope of this document: — methods of design and construction of wastewater systems; — regulation of the management structure and the methodology of wastewater service activities of operation and management; — regulation of the content of contracts or subcontracts; — topics related to the systems inside buildings, between the point-of-discharge and the point-of-collection.