液体比重测定法. 声学多普勒流速剖面仪. 移动船测量明渠中流量的计量方法和应用

[中文适用范围]： 本文件提供了使用船载声学多普勒电流剖面仪 (ADCP) 确定明渠中流量的指南。 它描述了部署 ADCP 以确定流量的多种方法。 尽管在某些情况下，这些测量旨在确定计量站的阶段流量关系，但本文件仅涉及流量的单次确定。 ADCP 可用于测量各种参数，例如水流或溪流流量、水速场和河道测深。 作为一个潜在的应用，可以利用底部轨迹速度获得床载排放的想法，而可以利用声学反向散射和声纳方程获得悬浮泥沙流。 本文档采用通用形式，不包含特定于特定 ADCP 品牌和型号的操作细节。 [外文原描述]： This document gives guidelines for the use of boat-mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) for determining flow in open channels. It describes a number of methods of deploying ADCPs to determine flow. Although, in some cases, these measurements are intended to determine the stage-discharge relationship of a gauging station, this document deals only with single determination of discharge. ADCPs can be used to measure a variety of parameters, such as current or stream flow, water velocity fields, and channel bathymetry. As a potential application, an idea of bedload discharge can be obtained applying the bottom track velocity, while suspended sediment flow can be obtained applying the acoustic backscatter and the sonar equation. This document is generic in form and contains no operational details specific to particular ADCP makes and models.