语言资源管理.持续识别和可持续存取(PISA

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准规定了持久标识符 (PID) 框架以及使用 PID 作为文档中以及语言资源本身的语言资源的参考和引用的要求。 在这种情况下，语言资源的示例包括诸如数字词典、语言专用术语资源、机器翻译词典、带注释的多媒体/多模态语料库、已用例如形态句法信息注释的文本语料库等作品，以及喜欢。 计算和应用语言学家以及信息专家创建了此类资源。 该国际标准还解决了资源引用的持久性和粒度问题，首先要求通过使用 PID 框架来实现持久引用，并进一步对用于此目的的任何 PID 框架提出要求。 PID 框架还允许将一般元数据与标识符关联起来，标识符也可以包含引文信息。 本国际标准规定了在语言资源中有效使用 PID 的最低要求，并引用了几种可能的现有标准和事实上的标准，例如：ISO 690 [16]、APA [3]、MLA [9] 用于引用信息、ISO/IEC 21000-17、IETF RFC 5147、Annotea [2]、时间片段 [22]、用于部件标识符语法和 PURL [23] 的 XPointer、ARK [18]、Handle System [24] 和 DOI [14] 。 [外文原描述]： ISO 24619:2011 specifies requirements for the persistent identifier (PID) framework and for using PIDs as references and citations of language resources in documents as well as in language resources themselves. In this context, examples of language resources include such works as digital dictionaries, language-purposed terminological resources, machine-translation lexica, annotated multimedia/multimodal corpora, text corpora that have been annotated with, for example, morpho-syntactic information, and the like. Computational and applied linguists and information specialists create such resources. ISO 24619:2011 also addresses issues of persistence and granularity of references to resources, first by requiring that persistent references be implemented by using a PID framework and further by imposing requirements on any PID frameworks used for this purpose. PID frameworks also allow the association of general metadata with the identifier, which can also contain citation information. ISO 24619:2011 specifies minimum requirements for effective use of PIDs in language resources and cites the use of several possible existing standards and de-facto standards.