机械振动和冲击.人体处于全身振动的评价.第5部分:多激波振动评价的试验方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件涉及人体暴露于多重机械冲击的情况，并制定了测量多重冲击的要求。这些测量结果将被分析，为评估因压缩而对腰椎终板造成不良健康影响的风险提供信息。即使终板未受伤，也可能发展其他伤害。 注1 多重机械冲击是在测量期间频繁以规则和不规则间隔发生的不同幅度和形状的冲击。 注2 如附件所建议，当前伤害风险的评估基于测量的代表性暴露与个体暴露历史的结合。可以通过预期的暴露持续时间评估前瞻性风险。鼓励测量设备制造商开发一种现场评估暴露可能性的方法。 本文件区分了两种暴露情况：一种适用于严重条件，另一种适用于不太严重的条件。 注3 第4章包含两种情况的划分。 本文件适用于在0.01 Hz至80 Hz测量带宽内，在坐骨结节下方的座椅-乘员界面测量的峰值高达137.3 m/s²（14 g）的无加权垂直加速度。 注4 测量带宽在第5.1节中定义。 在应用于严重暴露时需谨慎，特别是因为137.3 m/s²（14 g）的峰值加速度接近脊柱可承受的物理极限。 [外文原描述]： This document addresses human exposure to multiple mechanical shocks, and it formulates requirements for the measurement of multiple shocks. The results of these measurements are then analyzed to provide information for the assessment of the risk of adverse health effects to the vertebral end-plates of the lumbar spine for seated individuals due to compression. Other injuries could develop even when there is no injury to the end plate. NOTE 1 Multiple mechanical shocks are shocks of different magnitude and shape that occur frequently at regular and irregular intervals during the measurement period. NOTE 2 As proposed in the annexes, the assessment of the current injury risk is based on measured representative exposures in combination with the individual exposure history. Prospective risks can be assessed by anticipated exposure durations. Manufacturers of measurement equipment are encouraged to develop a possibility for an on-site evaluation of the exposure. Two exposure regimes are distinguished in this document: one for severe conditions and one for less severe conditions. NOTE 3 Clause 4 contains the delineation of the two regimes. This document is applicable for unweighted vertical accelerations that have peak values up to 137,3 m/s2 (14 g) measured at the seat-occupant interface beneath the ischial tuberosities over a 0,01 Hz to 80 Hz measurement bandwidth. NOTE 4 The measurement bandwith is defined in 5.1. Caution is necessary when applying the method to severe exposures, particularly since peak accelerations of 137,3 m/s2 (14 g) are close to the physical limit that a spine can tolerate.