导致窒息有毒物的血液分析.一氧化碳和氰化氢

[中文适用范围]： 本国际标准详细介绍了适用于分析从火灾伤亡人员采集的血液样本中的两种主要有毒燃烧气体：一氧化碳 (CO) 和氰化氢 (HCN) 的分析方法。 在血液中，CO 以碳氧血红蛋白 (COHb) 的形式测量，HCN 以氰化物离子 (CN-) 的形式测量。 尽管文献中报道了许多用于进行血液COHb和CN-分析的方法，但是本文中包括的分析方法是基于它们对来自火灾伤亡者的生前和死后血液样本进行分析的适用性。 这些方法考虑了分析原理、分析时间、重复性、再现性、稳健性、有效性和所使用的仪器。 本文描述的一些方法可能不适合分析腐烂或凝结的血液。 烧伤的（固体）血液可以在均质化后进行分析。 [外文原描述]： ISO 27368:2008 details analytical methods suitable for analysing the two primary toxic combustion gases, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN), in blood samples collected from fire casualties. In blood, CO is measured as carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and HCN as cyanide ion (CN - ). Although numerous methods are reported in the literature for performing blood COHb and CN - analyses, the analytical methods included herein are based upon their suitability for performing the analysis on ante-mortem and post-mortem blood samples from fire casualties. The analytical principle, analysis time, repeatability, reproducibility, robustness, effectiveness and instruments used are considered for those methods. Some of the methods described in ISO 27368:2008 might not be suitable for analysing putrid or clotted blood. Burned (solid) blood can be analysed after homogenization.