二氧化碳捕集、运输与封存 地质封存

[中文适用范围]： 本文件规定了在多孔及渗透性地层（包括烃类储层）中进行二氧化碳（CO₂）流地质封存的要求，旨在将CO₂泄漏风险降至最低；适用于陆上与海上封存；涵盖场地筛选与可行性调查、表征、设计开发、封存项目运营及项目终止准备等活动；承认各项目的地质特征、物理边界、管理要求、固有风险与不确定性均具有独特性，相关技术风险与不确定性将按具体场地处理；提供整合项目管理要求，包括针对CO₂流地质封存的特有风险管理要素；并建立量化封存项目中地质封存单元封存CO₂净质量的方法。图1说明了本文件的适用范围。 本文件不适用于：a. 储罐或其他形式的临时储存；b. 项目终止后的阶段；c. 为提高烃类产量而进行的CO₂注入，或用于CO₂驱油（CO₂-EOR）的封存；d. 除作为CO₂流一部分外，其他酸气的处置；e. 为处置目的而添加的废弃物及其他物质；或f. 采用埋藏容器形式的地下储存。 若在封存单元中产生商业量的烃类，则该封存项目超出本文件适用范围，此时应适用ISO 27916对CO₂封存的要求。对于在CO₂-EOR过程中封存了CO₂的项目，在封存单元停止所有烃类生产后，可转为按本文件运行。 [外文原描述]： This document: establishes requirements for the geological storage of CO2 streams in a way that minimizes risk of CO2 losses; is applicable for both onshore and offshore geological storage within permeable and porous geological strata including hydrocarbon reservoirs where a CO2 stream is not being injected for the purpose of enhancing hydrocarbon production; includes activities associated with site screening and feasibility investigation, characterization, design and development, operation of storage projects, and preparation for project termination; recognizes that the geological characteristics, physical boundaries, management, intrinsic technical risk and uncertainties, of each site are likely to be unique for each project and that intrinsic technical risk and uncertainty will be dealt with on a site-specific basis; provides requirements for integrated project management, including elements of risk management unique to the geological storage of CO2 streams; and establishes a methodology for quantifying the net mass of CO2 that geological storage projects store in storage unit(s). Figure 1 illustrates the limits of this document. This document does not apply to: temporary storage in tanks or by other means; the post-termination phase; injection of CO2 for enhancing production of hydrocarbons or for storage associated with CO2-EOR; disposal of other acid gases except as considered part of the CO2 stream; disposal of waste and other matter added for purpose of disposal; or underground storage using any form of buried container. If production of hydrocarbons in commercial quantities occurs from the storage unit(s), the storage project is outside of the scope of this document and ISO 27916 applies to CO2 storage. A CO2-EOR project that has stored CO2 in association with CO2-EOR can transition to operate under this document after all production of hydrocarbons from the storage unit(s) has ceased.