二氧化碳捕集 燃烧后CO2捕集用吸收液的关键性能参数和表征方法

[中文适用范围]： 本文件为燃烧后二氧化碳捕集用吸收液的关键性能参数及其表征方法提供了定义、指南和支持信息。它涵盖了测量和计算吸收液特定关键性能参数的通用方法。 本文件涵盖的燃烧后二氧化碳捕集用吸收液是化学反应性液体，如胺溶液、碳酸钾溶液、氨水、氨基酸盐溶液以及这些反应物的混合物。不涵盖基于不同二氧化碳捕集原理的其他吸收液。 本文件考虑的关键性能参数与基于吸收液的燃烧后二氧化碳捕集过程的设计和运行相关，以及与吸收塔、解吸塔、再沸器和其他热交换器等设备相关。 关键性能参数包括： — 主要参数，如富液和贫液的二氧化碳负载量、吸收剂浓度、吸收容量、吸收热、吸收速率和吸收剂挥发性； — 次要参数，如循环负载量，这些参数直接从主要参数推导得出，或与其他物理测量结合，如吸收剂损失率的情况。 此外，还描述了物理和化学性质，如密度、粘度、pH值、热导率和比热容。这些性质对于理解吸收液的关键性能参数至关重要。 本文件还： — 建立了关键性能参数（见第4条）、吸收液的物理和化学性质及其计算方法，并提供了报告这些参数的通用方式； — 规定了实验室测量和现场测试中吸收液表征的一般要求（见第5条）； — 提供了安装或使用的仪器要求，以及表征方法的指南（见第6条）； — 提供了吸收液表征方法的信息，描述了测试准备、设置和执行的所有阶段（见附录A至I），以及吸收液采样的指南。 注：虽然吸收液的关键性能参数是燃烧后二氧化碳捕集的重要过程指标，但过程设计、设备设计和制造、经济性和安全性等因素也被考虑用于燃烧后二氧化碳捕集技术的全面评估。 本文件不提供燃烧后捕集过程吸收液基准测试或比较的指南，也不提供评估不同技术或项目的方法，或规定过程工程设计的方法。此外，本文件不意图强制技术所有者披露与其专有吸收液相关的任何知识产权。 本文件未涵盖本文件考虑的关键性能参数的所有可用和新兴表征方法。 [外文原描述]： This document provides definitions, guidelines and supportive information for the key performance parameters and their characterization methods of absorption liquids used in post-combustion CO2 capture. It covers common methodologies to measure and calculate specific key performance parameters of the absorption liquids. The absorption liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture covered by this document are chemically reactive liquids, such as amine solutions, potassium carbonate solutions, aqueous ammonia, amino-acid salt solutions and mixtures of these reactants. Other absorption liquids based on different principles for CO2 capture are not covered. The key performance parameters considered in this document relate to the design and operation of absorption liquid-based post-combustion CO2 capture processes, as well as equipment such as absorber and desorber columns, reboilers and other heat exchangers. The key performance parameters are: — primary parameters, such as rich and lean CO2 loading, absorbent concentration, absorption capacity, heat of absorption, absorption rate and absorbent volatility; — secondary parameters, such as cyclic loading, that are directly derived from the primary parameters, or combined with other physical measurements, as in the case for the absorbent loss rate. In addition, physical and chemical properties such as density, viscosity, pH, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are described. These properties are essential for understanding the key performance parameters of the absorption liquids. This document also: — establishes key performance parameters (see Clause 4 ), physical and chemical properties of absorption liquids, and their calculation methods, and provides a common way of reporting them; — specifies the general requirements for the absorption liquid characterization in laboratory measurement and field testing (see Clause 5); — provides the requirements for the instrumentation to be installed or used, and guidelines for the characterization methods (see Clause 6 ); — provides information on the characterization methods of absorption liquids, describing all stages of test preparation, set-up and execution (see Annexes A to I ), as well as guidance on sampling absorption liquids. NOTE While key performance parameters of absorption liquids are important process indicators for post-combustion CO2 capture, factors such as process design, equipment design and manufacturing, economics and safety are also considered for a comprehensive evaluation of post-combustion CO2 capture technology. The document does not provide guidelines for benchmarking or comparing absorption liquids for post-combustion capture processes, nor does it offer methods to assess different technologies or projects, or specify methodologies for process engineering design. Additionally, the document is not intended to compel technology owners to disclose any intellectual properties related to their proprietary absorption liquids. The document does not cover all available and emerging characterization methods for the key performance parameters considered in this document.