放射治疗中用于光子和电子辐射的固体热释光检测器的剂量学

[中文适用范围]： 本文件介绍了根据探测法进行剂量测量的热释光剂量测定 (TLD) 的程序、应用和系统的规则。它特别适用于固体“TL 探测器”，即由 LiF:​ Mg​、Ti 或 LiF:​ Mg​、Cu​、P 制成的晶体或多晶形式的棒、芯片和微立方体。它不适用于 LiF 粉末，因为使用它们需要特殊程序。探测法包括单个 TL 探测器或“TL 探针”的布置，特别是在水模体或组织等效模体中，即布置在薄壁聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA) 外壳中的 TL 探测器组。这些规则的目的是保证在患者或模体上或内部进行临床剂量测定时所必需的可靠性和准确性。本文件适用于使用 20 keV 至 50 MeV 光子辐射和 4 MeV 至 25 MeV 电子辐射的远距离治疗以及使用光子发射放射性核素的近距离放射治疗的剂量测定。这些应用是对电离室使用的补充。 [外文原描述]： This document describes rules for the procedures, applications, and systems of thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) for dose measurements according to the probe method. It is particularly applicable to solid "TL detectors", i.e. rods, chips, and microcubes, made from LiF:Mg,Ti or LiF:Mg,Cu,P in crystalline or polycrystalline form. It is not applicable to LiF powders because their use requires special procedures. The probe method encompasses the arrangement, particularly in a water phantom or in a tissue-equivalent phantom, of single TL detectors or of "TL probes", i.e. sets of TL detectors arranged in thin-walled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) casings. The purpose of these rules is to guarantee the reliability and the accuracy indispensable in clinical dosimetry when applied on or in the patient or phantom. This document applies to dosimetry in teletherapy with both photon radiation from 20 keV to 50 MeV and electron radiation from 4 MeV to 25 MeV, as well as in brachytherapy with photon-emitting radionuclides. These applications are complementary to the use of ionization chambers.